Yilmaz S
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elaziğ, Turkey.
Anat Histol Embryol. 1998 Oct;27(5):293-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.1998.tb00196.x.
The aim of this study was to investigate the axial skeleton of two porcupines (Hystrix cristata). The important features of the skull, observed in this study are as follows: The zygomatic process of frontal bone (os frontal) was found to be rudimentary, and the infraorbital foramen (for. infraorbitale) was very large. The zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum) has two processes (frontal and temporal) and the zygomatic arch (arcus zygomaticum) was composed of three bones. The dental formulae were 2 (I 1/1, C 0/0, P 1/1, M 3/3) = 20. The angular process (Proc. angularis) of mandible is well developed. The vertebral formula was found as C7, T15, L4, S4, Ca12. All of cervical vertebrae had the transverse foramen (for. transversarium). The first eleven spinous processes (proc. spinosus) of thoracic vertebrae were caudally-sloped, the twelfth as the anticlin vertebrae and the last three were directed cranially. Hemal arches (or ossa arcus hemalis) were presented as separate bones which articulate with the ventral surfaces of the caudal ends of the bodies of the second, third and fourth caudal vertebrae.
本研究的目的是调查两只豪猪（帚尾豪猪）的中轴骨骼。本研究中观察到的颅骨重要特征如下：额骨（os frontal）的颧突不发达，眶下孔（for. infraorbitale）非常大。颧骨（os zygomaticum）有两个突起（额突和颞突），颧弓（arcus zygomaticum）由三块骨头组成。齿式为2（I 1/1，C 0/0，P 1/1，M 3/3）= 20。下颌骨的角突（Proc. angularis）发育良好。椎骨公式为C7、T15、L4、S4、Ca12。所有颈椎都有横突孔（for. transversarium）。胸椎的前11个棘突（proc. spinosus）向尾侧倾斜，第12个为枢椎，最后三个向头侧。脉弓（或ossa arcus hemalis）呈独立的骨头，与第二、第三和第四尾椎椎体尾端的腹面相连。
