Michaud V J, Lyons T J
U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks Air Force Base, TX 78235-5252, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1998 Nov;69(11):1104-6.
A recent Canadian Forces CF-18 Hornet aircraft accident has focused interest on the push-pull effect (PPE). PPE has not previously been identified in U.S. Air Force (USAF) G-Induced Loss of Consciousness (G-LOC) Accidents. The presence of maneuvers known to cause the push-pull effect (PPEMs) that lead to G-LOC accidents suggests that PPE is operationally significant and is a potential cause of G-LOC accidents.
USAF accident reports where G-LOC was found to be causal were reviewed for indications of a PPEM immediately prior to the G-LOC. Terminology in the narratives was used to indicate a PPEM in the accident sequences.
In 3 of 24 mishaps, the presence of a PPEM was highly probable, while another 4 mishaps were found to have a probable association with PPEMs. The probable presence of PPEMs represents a significant percentage (12.5-29%) of USAF G-LOC accidents.
USAF G-LOC accident reports contained descriptions that indicated the presence of PPEMs in accident sequences. This finding suggests that the PPE is an operationally significant source of risk for accidents in USAF high-performance aircraft.
加拿大军队一架CF - 18大黄蜂战机最近发生的事故引发了人们对推挽效应（PPE）的关注。此前在美国空军（USAF）的重力致意识丧失（G - LOC）事故中尚未发现推挽效应。已知会导致推挽效应的机动动作（PPEMs）在导致G - LOC事故中出现，这表明推挽效应在实际操作中具有重要意义，并且是G - LOC事故的一个潜在原因。
对美国空军认定G - LOC为事故原因的事故报告进行审查，以寻找在G - LOC发生前出现PPEM的迹象。事故报告中的术语用于表明事故序列中存在PPEM。
在24起事故中的3起，极有可能存在PPEM，另有4起事故被发现可能与PPEM有关。PPEM的可能存在在美国空军G - LOC事故中占相当大的比例（12.5% - 29%）。
美国空军G - LOC事故报告中的描述表明事故序列中存在PPEM。这一发现表明推挽效应是美国空军高性能飞机事故中一个在实际操作上具有重要意义的风险源。
