Adinma J I, Agbai A O, Nwosu B O
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Adv Contracept. 1998 Jun;14(2):131-45. doi: 10.1023/a:1006590717562.
The factors determining the choice of contraception were studied among 230 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at Nnewi, Nigeria. There were 174 (52.1%) choices for the natural methods of contraception, 86 (25.7%) for the traditional methods, and 74 (22.2%) for the artificial methods. The most commonly chosen contraceptive methods were rhythm, 95 (28.4%) and Billings, 79 (23.5%), while the least was surgical contraception, 4 (1.2%). The barrier method was not chosen at all. The most common reason given for choice of contraception was safety, 28.7%, followed by dislike of artificial methods, 25.2%; the no-response rate was 29.1%. Other reasons given were ease of use, 10%; husband's decision, 1.3%; fear of the complications of the artificial methods, 13%; dislike of foreign body, 2.6%; the method most understood, 24.8%; need for further counselling, 7%; and long-lasting, 2.6%. The most common reason given against the use of the artificial methods of contraception was fear of its complications, 31.9%, followed by preference for the natural methods, 22.3%. Condom use decreased with increasing age, being highest at 16-20 years, 37.5%, and lowest at 31-35 years, 5.9%. When compared with other parity groups, the grandmultipara group (> or = 5) used the IUD, 14.3%; injectable contraception, 4.8%; and other traditional methods (breastfeeding and abstinence), 28.5%, and did not use the rhythm method. Women of the lowest social class most commonly chose other traditional methods, 57.1%, and never chose the Billings method. Women who desired 1 to 3 children most commonly chose the pill, 23.5%, or withdrawal method, 23.5%, while women who desired 4 to 10 children most commonly chose the rhythm and Billings methods. There was no difference in choice of method of contraception for the various religious denominations, although the artificial methods were less commonly chosen by Catholics, 14.1%, compared with Anglicans, 33%, and other Christian denominations, 33.3%. The physician was the most common source of information for the choosers of the condom, 18.9%; surgical contraception, 2.7%; and the pill, 8.1%; the nurse for injectable contraception, 4.9%, while the commonest source of information among choosers of the rhythm method was the electronic media, 40.5%; print media, 34.9%; and peer group, 34.4%. Lecture/sex instruction was the commonest source of information among choosers of the Billings, 35.5%, and withdrawal, 22.6%, methods, while the no-response rate on source of information on contraception was highest among choosers of the Billings method. There is a need to bridge the gap in contraceptive information by redirecting counselling strategies and restructuring family planning programs to dispel negative perceptions and encourage informed choice of effective family planning methods.
在尼日利亚纽维产前诊所就诊的230名孕妇中，对决定避孕方式选择的因素进行了研究。有174人（52.1%）选择自然避孕法，86人（25.7%）选择传统避孕法，74人（22.2%）选择人工避孕法。最常选择的避孕方法是安全期避孕法，95人（28.4%），以及比林斯排卵法，79人（23.5%），而最少选择的是手术避孕法，4人（1.2%）。完全没有人选屏障避孕法。选择避孕方法最常见的原因是安全性，占28.7%，其次是不喜欢人工避孕法，占25.2%；无回应率为29.1%。给出的其他原因包括使用方便，占10%；丈夫的决定，占1.3%；担心人工避孕法的并发症，占13%；不喜欢异物，占2.6%；最容易理解的方法，占24.8%；需要进一步咨询，占7%；以及长效，占2.6%。反对使用人工避孕法最常见的原因是担心其并发症，占31.9%，其次是偏好自然避孕法，占22.3%。避孕套的使用随年龄增长而减少，在16 - 20岁时最高，为37.5%，在31 - 35岁时最低，为5.9%。与其他产次组相比，多产妇组（≥5次）使用宫内节育器的比例为14.3%；使用注射避孕法的比例为4.8%；使用其他传统方法（母乳喂养和禁欲）的比例为28.5%，且不使用安全期避孕法。社会阶层最低的女性最常选择其他传统方法，占57.1%，且从不选择比林斯排卵法。想要1至3个孩子的女性最常选择口服避孕药，占23.5%，或体外排精法，占23.5%，而想要4至10个孩子的女性最常选择安全期避孕法和比林斯排卵法。不同宗教教派在避孕方法的选择上没有差异，不过与圣公会教徒（33%）和其他基督教教派（33.3%）相比，天主教徒选择人工避孕法的比例较低，为14.1%。医生是选择避孕套者（18.9%）、手术避孕法者（2.7%）和口服避孕药者（8.1%）最常见的信息来源；护士是选择注射避孕法者（4.9%）最常见的信息来源，而选择安全期避孕法者最常见的信息来源是电子媒体，占40.5%；印刷媒体，占34.9%；以及同龄人，占34.4%。讲座/性教育是选择比林斯排卵法者（35.5%）和体外排精法者（22.6%）最常见的信息来源，而在避孕信息来源方面无回应率在选择比林斯排卵法者中最高。有必要通过调整咨询策略和重组计划生育项目来弥合避孕信息方面的差距，以消除负面观念并鼓励明智地选择有效的计划生育方法。
