Berger A, Salzer H R, Weninger M, Sageder B, Aspöck C
Department of Neonatology, University Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Acta Paediatr. 1998 Oct;87(10):1066-9. doi: 10.1080/080352598750031392.
The results of blood cultures and clinical data of 101 neonates with 110 episodes of septicaemia during a 7-y study period were reviewed. The overall incidence of culture-proven sepsis within the study period was 6.0 per 100 neonatal intensive care unit admissions and the mortality rate was 14%. Three groups of pathogens accounted for 70% of all isolates: coagulase-negative staphylococci (27%), aerobic Gram-negative rods (24%) and Enterococcus faecalis (19%). Group B streptococcus was the major pathogen of very early-onset septicaemia (within 24 h of birth), whereas late-onset infections were most commonly caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci. Birthweight <1500 g, gestational age <30 weeks of gestation and early onset of symptoms within the first week of life were associated with poor prognosis. In addition, the case fatality rate of episodes caused by Gram-negative organisms was significantly higher than that of Gram-positive bacteraemia.
回顾了7年研究期间101例新生儿110次败血症发作的血培养结果和临床数据。研究期间经培养证实的败血症总体发病率为每100例新生儿重症监护病房入院病例中有6.0例，死亡率为14%。三组病原体占所有分离株的70%：凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（27%）、需氧革兰氏阴性杆菌（24%）和粪肠球菌（19%）。B组链球菌是极早发型败血症（出生后24小时内）的主要病原体，而晚发型感染最常见的原因是凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌。出生体重<1500g、胎龄<30周以及出生后第一周内症状出现较早与预后不良有关。此外，革兰氏阴性菌引起的发作病死率明显高于革兰氏阳性菌血症。
