Peña E, Solano L, Portillo Z, Meertens de Rodríguez L
Unidad de Investigaciones en Nutrición, Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 1998 Jun;48(2):104-11.
To assess the nutritional status of 80 elderly living in a geriatric home, a cross-sectional study was designed. 40 men (76.1 +/- 8.2 years) and 40 women (83.1 +/- 6.9 years) were randomly selected. Anthropometric indicators (weight (W), height (H), triceps skinfold (TSF), muscle area (MA), fat area (FA), mid-arm circumference (MAC), arm muscle circumference (AMC) and body mass index (BMI)), biochemical parameters (hemoglobin, ferritin, cholesterol, albumin, zinc and vitamin A) and dietary intake (weighed method) were determined. MAC and AMC in men and PT and FA in women were below 10th percentile. 35.3% did not show signs of undernutrition, 39.7% was at nutritional risk (1 sign) and the other 25% was undernourished (2 or more signs). 8% showed anemia 52% had low values of ferritin, 13% were hypozincemic, 8% had vitamin A deficiency, 29% had hypoalbuminemia and 7.9% hipocholesterolemia. 50% and 48% of men and women had energy intake below 1.5 x BMR (n = 47). Vitamin A, C and zinc adecuacies were below 2/3 RDA. Evidence of the high nutritional risk of this elderly group is provided by alteration of anthropometric, biochemical and dietary indicators. Some other parameters must be assessed (reduced appetite, lack of foods) in order to detect more subtle changes of the nutritional status, and a nutritional intervention should be started immediately.
为评估居住在养老院的80名老年人的营养状况，设计了一项横断面研究。随机选取了40名男性（76.1±8.2岁）和40名女性（83.1±6.9岁）。测定了人体测量指标（体重（W）、身高（H）、肱三头肌皮褶厚度（TSF）、肌肉面积（MA）、脂肪面积（FA）、上臂中部周长（MAC）、上臂肌肉周长（AMC）和体重指数（BMI））、生化参数（血红蛋白、铁蛋白、胆固醇、白蛋白、锌和维生素A）以及饮食摄入量（称重法）。男性的MAC和AMC以及女性的PT和FA低于第10百分位数。35.3%没有营养不良迹象，39.7%处于营养风险（1项体征），另外25%营养不良（2项或更多体征）。8%表现出贫血，52%铁蛋白值低，13%缺锌，8%维生素A缺乏，29%低白蛋白血症，7.9%低胆固醇血症。男性和女性分别有50%和48%的能量摄入量低于1.5xBMR（n = 47）。维生素A、C和锌的充足率低于2/3推荐膳食摄入量。人体测量、生化和饮食指标的改变提供了该老年人群营养风险高的证据。为了检测营养状况更细微的变化，必须评估一些其他参数（食欲减退、食物缺乏），并应立即开始营养干预。
