Cantillon D, Bradford A
Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin.
Respir Physiol. 1998 Aug;113(2):147-56. doi: 10.1016/s0034-5687(98)00055-3.
Obstructive sleep apnoea arises due to upper airway (UA) collapse which is normally counteracted by contraction of UA muscles such as the sternohyoids and geniohyoids. The disorder has a marked male predominance but the effect of gender on UA muscle contractile properties is unknown and these properties have not been compared for the sternohyoid and geniohyoid muscles in the same species. Isometric contractile characteristics were determined using strips of sternohyoid and geniohyoid muscle from male and female rats in Krebs solution at 30 degrees C. For both muscles, there were no differences between male and female contractile kinetics, twitch or tetanic tension, tension-length or tension-frequency relationship or endurance. In both males and females, sternohyoid twitch and tetanic tension was greater than geniohyoid. Sternohyoid endurance was less than geniohyoid but contractile kinetics, tension-length and tension-frequency relationships were similar. Therefore, gender does not affect UA muscle contractile properties and sternohyoid tension is greater and endurance less than that of the geniohyoid.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停是由于上气道（UA）塌陷引起的，而胸骨舌骨肌和颏舌骨肌等UA肌肉的收缩通常会抵消这种塌陷。这种疾病在男性中更为常见，但性别对UA肌肉收缩特性的影响尚不清楚，并且在同一物种中，尚未对胸骨舌骨肌和颏舌骨肌的这些特性进行比较。在30摄氏度的Krebs溶液中，使用雄性和雌性大鼠的胸骨舌骨肌和颏舌骨肌条来测定等长收缩特性。对于这两种肌肉，雄性和雌性的收缩动力学、单收缩或强直张力、张力-长度或张力-频率关系或耐力均无差异。在雄性和雌性中，胸骨舌骨肌的单收缩和强直张力均大于颏舌骨肌。胸骨舌骨肌的耐力小于颏舌骨肌，但收缩动力学、张力-长度和张力-频率关系相似。因此，性别不会影响UA肌肉的收缩特性，并且胸骨舌骨肌的张力大于颏舌骨肌，而耐力则小于颏舌骨肌。
