Höner M
Zentralbl Gynakol. 1976;98(14):848-54.
One of the rare complications at the end of pregnancy and during birth is a haematoma of the umbilical cord with and without the subsequent rupturing of the umbilical cord. The characteristic symptom of this is intrauterine asphyxia. A haematoma of the umbilical cord is frequently fatal for the foetus. In selected cases it is possible to proved the existence of a haematoma. A brief description of the anatomy and physiology of the umbilical cord is followed by a discussion of the pathological or pathophysiological reasons for the onset of a haematoma of the umbilical cord. Two groups of factors are mentioned here, the mechanical and the dynamic changes of the blood vessels of the umbilical cord. This is followed by a description of two cases from the writer's own experience. In the first case the asphyxial after term infant died of pulmonary seventeen hours after birth; in the second case of the foetus had died in the uterus. The second case must be regarded as fatal. Dynamic factors affecting the umbilical cord had resulted in a rupture of the umbilical vein with a subsequent rupture of the umbilical sheath. In the first case the fact that the infant was overdue is discussed as a partial cause for the onset of the haematoma of the umbilical cord. This is one of the reasons why satisfactory ante natal care is considered essential, particularly towards the end of pregnancy.
妊娠末期及分娩期间罕见的并发症之一是脐带血肿，伴或不伴有随后的脐带破裂。其特征性症状是宫内窒息。脐带血肿对胎儿常常是致命的。在某些病例中，有可能证实血肿的存在。在简要描述脐带的解剖学和生理学之后，将讨论脐带血肿发生的病理或病理生理原因。这里提到两组因素，即脐带血管的机械性和动态性变化。接下来是作者自身经历的两个病例描述。在第一个病例中，过期产儿出生后17小时死于肺部疾病；在第二个病例中，胎儿死于子宫内。第二个病例必定被视为致命的。影响脐带的动态因素导致脐静脉破裂，随后脐鞘破裂。在第一个病例中，婴儿过期产这一事实被讨论为脐带血肿发生的部分原因。这就是为什么良好的产前护理被认为至关重要的原因之一，尤其是在妊娠末期。
