Singh G D, McNamara J A, Lozanoff S
Dundee Dental Hospital and School, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1998;13(3):227-40.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in craniofacial morphology in subjects of diverse ethnic origin with untreated Class III malocclusions, and thus to examine the validity of using similar therapeutic protocols in their orthodontic management. Lateral cephalographs of 142 Korean and European-American children aged 5 to 11 years were traced, and homologous cranial, midfacial, and mandibular landmarks were digitized. Procrustes analysis and Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis (EDMA) were performed to identify size-corrected differences of the three craniofacial configurations, and bivariate analysis to determine statistical differences between 42 cephalometric parameters. Procrustes analysis indicated statistical significance for each configuration of landmarks; these results were confirmed by EDMA and cephalometry. Korean children appear to develop Class III malocclusions because of smaller anterior cranial base and midfacial dimensions, exacerbated by a large and less favorable mandibular morphology. Therefore, morphologic diversity of craniofacial components, presumably due to heterochrony during development, contributes to distinctive facial profiles associated with Class III malocclusions. Ethnic heterogeneity may need to be taken into account in the orthodontic management of Class III malocclusions.
本研究的目的是确定不同种族来源的未经治疗的III类错牙合畸形患者的颅面形态是否存在差异，从而检验在其正畸治疗中使用相似治疗方案的有效性。对142名5至11岁的韩国和欧美儿童的头颅侧位片进行描图，并将同源的颅骨、面中部和下颌标志点数字化。进行普氏分析和欧氏距离矩阵分析（EDMA）以识别三种颅面结构经尺寸校正后的差异，并进行双变量分析以确定42个头颅测量参数之间的统计学差异。普氏分析表明各标志点配置具有统计学意义；这些结果得到了EDMA和头颅测量法的证实。韩国儿童出现III类错牙合畸形似乎是因为前颅底和面中部尺寸较小，而下颌形态较大且不利，从而加剧了这种情况。因此，颅面组成部分的形态多样性，可能是由于发育过程中的异时性，导致了与III类错牙合畸形相关的独特面部轮廓。在III类错牙合畸形的正畸治疗中可能需要考虑种族异质性。
