Risi G F, Tomascak V
Missoula Medical Oncology and Infectious Disease, MT, USA.
Am J Infect Control. 1998 Dec;26(6):594-604; quiz 605-6. doi: 10.1053/ic.1998.v26.a89371.
The Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc, is accredited as a provider of continuing education in nursing by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. This learner-paced study package is designated for 1.1 contact hours. APIC's California nursing provider number is CEP 7146. This continuing medical laboratory education activity is recognized by the American Society of Clinical Pathologists as meeting the criteria for 1 CMLE credit hour. ASCP CMLE credit hours are acceptable to meet the continuing education requirements for the ASCP Board of Registry Continuing Competence Recognition Program. (See the instructions and examination at the end of the article.)Infectious diseases represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Infectious complications are often predictable and may be preventable. This article is an overview of practical considerations in the care of immunocompromised patients. Recognizing the compromised host, identifying and correcting risk factors in advance, and reducing sources of infection all play a role in prevention. Topics were chosen to include the areas of care that differ from the immune competent patient, such as diet, pet therapy, handwashing, immunizations, augmentation of host resistance, prevention of pneumonia, and antibiotic prophylaxis. National practice guidelines are cited when possible; evidence-based literature review and experience are applied to situations lacking consensus statements. Treatment decisions are made in areas for which information is often incomplete. A systematic approach to care of the immunocompromised host, tailored to the individual patient's needs, should reduce the risk of infection.
感染控制与流行病学专业人员协会（APIC）获得了美国护士认证中心认证委员会的认可，成为护理继续教育的提供者。这个自主学习的学习包计为1.1个接触小时。APIC在加利福尼亚州的护理提供者编号是CEP 7146。这项继续医学检验教育活动被美国临床病理学家协会认可为符合1个继续医学检验学分小时的标准。美国临床病理学家协会的继续医学检验学分小时可用于满足美国临床病理学家协会注册委员会继续能力认可计划的继续教育要求。（见文章末尾的说明和考试内容。）传染病是免疫功能低下患者发病和死亡的主要原因。感染并发症通常是可预测的，并且可能是可预防的。本文概述了免疫功能低下患者护理中的实际注意事项。识别免疫功能受损的宿主、提前识别并纠正危险因素以及减少感染源在预防中都发挥着作用。选择的主题包括与免疫功能正常患者不同的护理领域，如饮食、宠物疗法、洗手、免疫接种、增强宿主抵抗力、预防肺炎和抗生素预防。尽可能引用国家实践指南；对于缺乏共识声明的情况，应用基于证据的文献综述和经验。在信息通常不完整的领域做出治疗决策。一种根据个体患者需求定制的、系统的免疫功能受损宿主护理方法应能降低感染风险。
