Kinoshita S, Kumagai S
Clinical Laboratory, Kobe University Hospital.
Jpn J Antibiot. 1998 Sep;51(9):551-60.
Antimicrobial activities of meropenem (MEPM), imipenem (IPM), panipenem (PAPM), ceftazidime (CAZ), cefozopran (CZOP), aztreonam (AZT), norfloxacin (NFLX) and tetracycline (TC) against clinically isolated Gram-negative bacilli [271 strains of Enterobacteriaceae and 242 strains non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria (NFB)] were investigated. Among carbapenem antibiotics, MEPM showed the lowest MIC90, which activity was about four-hold higher than those of IPM and PAPM. The activity of IPM was equal or slightly superior to that of PAPM. Resistance to IPM (> 16 micrograms/ml) was observed in 3 strains of Enterobacteriaceae (1.1%) and 14 strains of NFB (5.8%). It is conceivable that these strains produce metallo-beta-lactamase. Referring to the correlation among MICs of MEPM, IPM and PAPM, 3 strains in 3 species of Enterobacteriaceae showed cross resistance to carbapenems; while 14 strains of NFB showed cross resistance to MEPM and IPM, 15 strains to MEPM and PAPM, and 29 strains to IPM and PAPM, and all of these strains were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fifteen of 29 strains of IPM-resistant and 77 of 92 strains of PAPM-resistant P. aeruginosa were susceptible to MEPM. Thirty-three strains (12%) of the Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to CAZ and AZT (> or = 32 micrograms/ml) and these were considered as ESBL-producing strains.
研究了美罗培南（MEPM）、亚胺培南（IPM）、帕尼培南（PAPM）、头孢他啶（CAZ）、头孢唑兰（CZOP）、氨曲南（AZT）、诺氟沙星（NFLX）和四环素（TC）对临床分离的革兰阴性杆菌[271株肠杆菌科细菌和242株非发酵革兰阴性菌（NFB）]的抗菌活性。在碳青霉烯类抗生素中，MEPM的MIC90最低，其活性比IPM和PAPM高约四倍。IPM的活性与PAPM相当或略优于PAPM。在3株肠杆菌科细菌（1.1%）和14株NFB（5.8%）中观察到对IPM的耐药性（>16微克/毫升）。可以想象这些菌株产生金属β-内酰胺酶。参照MEPM、IPM和PAPM的MIC之间的相关性，3种肠杆菌科细菌中的3株对碳青霉烯类表现出交叉耐药性；而14株NFB对MEPM和IPM表现出交叉耐药性，15株对MEPM和PAPM表现出交叉耐药性，29株对IPM和PAPM表现出交叉耐药性，所有这些菌株均为铜绿假单胞菌。29株对IPM耐药的铜绿假单胞菌中有15株，92株对PAPM耐药的铜绿假单胞菌中有77株对MEPM敏感。33株（12%）肠杆菌科细菌对CAZ和AZT耐药（≥32微克/毫升），这些被认为是产ESBL菌株。
