Cohen B, McGrath S M, De Meester J, Vanrenterghem Y, Persijn G G
Eurotransplant International Foundation, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Clin Transplant. 1998 Dec;12(6):525-9.
Renal and extrarenal transplant data were collected for seven geographical regions for the period 1989-1996. In Western Europe and North America the number of kidney donors increased by 926 and 2743, respectively. The total number of transplants also increased in both regions by 3756 and 6936, respectively. Renal transplants accounted for approximately 60% of the total number of transplants and, although the number of renal transplants did not alter in Western Europe, the number rose by 3055 in North America. Outside of these regions the number of extrarenal transplants was 3-18% of the total. The number of living kidney donors in North America increased each year and was higher than the number recruited in Western Europe (3389 vs 943 in 1996). With the exception of Eastern Europe, where virtually no renal transplants were carried out using organs from living donors, the number of living kidney donors rose in other regions: for example, in Latin America, the proportion of living kidney donors rose from 29% in 1970-88 to 51% in 1995, and, in Asia, 90% of kidneys were donated by living donors. As the quality of cadaveric donor organs is often sub-optimal, the use of living donors is likely to increase in both Western Europe and North America, but is unlikely to become the most important source of organs in these regions.
收集了1989年至1996年期间七个地理区域的肾移植和肾外移植数据。在西欧和北美，肾脏捐献者的数量分别增加了926人和2743人。两个地区的移植总数也分别增加了3756例和6936例。肾移植约占移植总数的60%，尽管西欧的肾移植数量没有变化，但北美的肾移植数量增加了3055例。在这些地区之外，肾外移植的数量占总数的3%-18%。北美的活体肾脏捐献者数量逐年增加，且高于西欧招募的数量（1996年为3389例对943例）。除东欧几乎没有使用活体捐献者器官进行肾移植外，其他地区的活体肾脏捐献者数量都有所增加：例如，在拉丁美洲，活体肾脏捐献者的比例从1970年至1988年的29%上升到1995年的51%，在亚洲，90%的肾脏是由活体捐献者捐献的。由于尸体捐献者器官的质量往往不理想，西欧和北美使用活体捐献者的情况可能会增加，但不太可能成为这些地区最重要的器官来源。
