LaMonte S J, Walker E A, Moran W B
Arch Otolaryngol. 1976 Nov;102(11):706-8.
The most common cause of a mass in the neck that appears only on straining is a laryngocete. However, internal jugular phlebectasia may manifest in a similar manner. Dilation of the internal jugular vein with any maneuver that increases intrathoracic pressure suggests mechanical obstruction in the neck or the mediastinum, but the cause is still in doubt. Dilated internal jugular veins have been excised and have been found to have thinning of the wall of the vein, but have not been found to have a congenital abnormality.
仅在用力时出现的颈部肿块最常见的原因是喉膨出。然而，颈内静脉扩张症可能以类似方式表现。任何增加胸内压的动作导致颈内静脉扩张提示颈部或纵隔存在机械性梗阻，但病因仍不明确。已切除扩张的颈内静脉，发现静脉壁变薄，但未发现先天性异常。
