Hoek H W, van Furth E F
Stichting Haagse GGZ, Den Haag.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1998 Aug 15;142(33):1859-63.
Disturbed eating behaviour and disturbed body experience are important features for the differential diagnosis of eating disorders from other disorders. Eating disorders occur mainly in young females. The one-year prevalence of anorexia nervosa is 0.4% and that of bulimia nervosa 1.5% among young females. To motivate patients for treatment it is important to discuss physical problems and the high risk of severe complications with them. It is difficult to motivate patients for treatment, because anorexia nervosa patients deny their illness and bulimia nervosa patients are ashamed and hide their disturbed eating behaviour. The treatment of anorexia nervosa consists of two partly overlapping phases: normalizing the eating pattern to improve weight restoration and psychotherapeutic treatment for underlying emotional problems. Family therapy is effective for patients younger than 18 years with a short duration of illness. Cognitive behaviour therapy is the most important form of treatment for bulimia nervosa.
饮食行为紊乱和身体体验紊乱是饮食失调与其他疾病进行鉴别诊断的重要特征。饮食失调主要发生在年轻女性中。年轻女性中神经性厌食症的一年患病率为0.4%，神经性贪食症为1.5%。为了促使患者接受治疗，与他们讨论身体问题和严重并发症的高风险很重要。促使患者接受治疗很困难，因为神经性厌食症患者否认自己的疾病，而神经性贪食症患者感到羞耻并隐藏自己紊乱的饮食行为。神经性厌食症的治疗包括两个部分重叠的阶段：使饮食模式正常化以促进体重恢复，以及针对潜在情感问题的心理治疗。家庭治疗对18岁以下病程较短的患者有效。认知行为疗法是神经性贪食症最重要的治疗形式。
