Bednarska M, Bajer A, Siński E
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, Krakowskie Przedmiescie 26/28, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 1998;5(2):135-8.
Studies on cryptosporidiosis and giardiosis were carried out between March and April 1997 on 75 calves from 9 selected farms of Wielkopolska macroregion. Faecal specimens from calves, 3-13 days old, were screened for oocysts of C. parvum using Ziehl-Neelsen staining and both for oocysts of C. parvum and cysts of Giardia sp. using direct immunofluorescent (MerIFluor Cryptosporidium/Giardia) assay. The oocysts of C. parvum assessed by Ziehl-Neelsen staining were revealed on 6 (67%) of 9 farms examined. The prevalence of infection ranged from 20-88%, and in some farms intensity of oocyst shedding was very high. However, in 35 calves assessed for mixed infections of C. parvum and Giardia sp., oocysts of Cryptosporidium were found in 18 (51%) calves and cysts of Giardia sp. were detected in 5 (14%) of 35 calves. Only in one calf was found coinfection with both parasites. The intensity of Giardia sp. infection was extremely low. Histological examination of the gut sections from immunosuppressed BALB/c mice experimentally infected with C. parvum isolates from calves revealed endogenous stages of C. parvum on the brush border of the ileum. The high prevalence and intensive shedding of cryptosporidial oocysts by calves in farms examined in this study suggests that naturally infected calves may be significant reservoirs for C. parvum infections in man and wild animals.
1997年3月至4月间，在大波兰省宏观区域9个选定农场的75头犊牛身上开展了隐孢子虫病和贾第虫病研究。对3至13日龄犊牛的粪便样本，采用齐-尼氏染色法筛查微小隐孢子虫卵囊，同时采用直接免疫荧光法（MerIFluor隐孢子虫/贾第虫检测试剂盒）筛查微小隐孢子虫卵囊和贾第虫属包囊。在所检查的9个农场中，有6个（67%）农场通过齐-尼氏染色法检测到微小隐孢子虫卵囊。感染率在20%至88%之间，在一些农场，卵囊排出强度非常高。然而，在对35头犊牛进行微小隐孢子虫和贾第虫属混合感染评估时，18头（51%）犊牛检测到隐孢子虫卵囊，35头犊牛中有5头（14%）检测到贾第虫属包囊。仅在1头犊牛中发现两种寄生虫同时感染。贾第虫属的感染强度极低。对经实验感染犊牛分离株微小隐孢子虫的免疫抑制BALB/c小鼠肠道切片进行组织学检查，在回肠刷状缘发现了微小隐孢子虫的内源性阶段。本研究中所检查农场的犊牛隐孢子虫卵囊高感染率和高强度排出表明，自然感染的犊牛可能是人类和野生动物微小隐孢子虫感染的重要储存宿主。
