Miri E S
Global 2000 River Blindness Program (GRBP), Carter Center, Jos, Nigeria.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1998 Apr;92 Suppl 1:S121-8. doi: 10.1080/00034989859654.
The onchocerciasis control programme in Plateau state (now Plateau and Nasarawa states), Nigeria, was one of the pioneering Mectizan-distribution projects in Nigeria. Although initiated under the River Blindness Foundation (RBF) in 1991, in collaboration with the Ministry of Health, it was absorbed into the Carter Center's Global 2000 River Blindness Programme (GRBP) in 1996. The objectives of the programme were to support the delivery of Mectizan (ivermectin, MSD) to at least 80% of those living in communities where onchocerciasis was highly endemic, within the first 3 years of the project's inception, and to maintain this coverage for a period of 10-15 years. The programme has so far been successful, and much of this success is attributed to problem identification and problem-solving through continuous review and evaluation of programme activities, and implementation of strategies, when required, to ensure those programme objectives are met. The implementation steps of the programme, and some of the managerial problems identified during the course of the effort, are reviewed. The challenge now is to learn how to transform this functional, programme-designed and programme-directed effort into the new community-directed treatment being promoted by the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control. The new challenges of the transition require middle-level managers and implementors with effective, efficient and indeed state-of-the-art management skills.
尼日利亚高原州（现为高原州和纳萨拉瓦州）的盘尾丝虫病控制项目是尼日利亚开创性的美迪霉素分发项目之一。该项目于1991年在河盲症基金会（RBF）的主持下启动，并与卫生部合作开展，1996年被纳入卡特中心的全球2000河盲症项目（GRBP）。该项目的目标是在项目启动后的头3年内，向至少80%生活在盘尾丝虫病高度流行社区的人群提供美迪霉素（伊维菌素，默克雪兰诺公司生产），并将这一覆盖率维持10至15年。该项目迄今已取得成功，这很大程度上归功于通过对项目活动进行持续审查和评估来识别问题并解决问题，以及在必要时实施各项策略以确保实现项目目标。本文回顾了该项目的实施步骤以及在此过程中发现的一些管理问题。当前面临的挑战是要学会如何将这种由项目设计并主导的功能性工作转变为非洲盘尾丝虫病控制项目所倡导的新型社区导向型治疗模式。这种转变带来的新挑战需要具备有效、高效且确实是最先进管理技能的中层管理人员和实施人员。
