Sezerino U M, Zannin M, Coelho L K, Gonçalves Júnior J, Grando M, Mattosinho S G, Cardoso J L, von Eickstedt V R, França F O, Barbaro K C, Fan H W
Centro de Informações Toxicológicas, Hospital Universitário, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Sep-Oct;92(5):546-8. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90909-9.
A clinical and epidemiological study of 267 cases of envenomation by Loxosceles spp. (loxoscelism), notified to Centro de Informações Toxicológicas de Florianópolis (Santa Catarina State, Brazil), was conducted between January 1985 and December 1995. Most of the incidents occurred along the coast of the mid-southern region of the state, during the warmest months. L. laeta and L. intermedia were identified as the causative agents. Cutaneous loxoscelism was clinically diagnosed in 232 (86.9%) patients with local pain (86.5%), oedema (80.5%), hyperaemia (79.8%) and necrosis (56.9%). Cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism was detected in 35 patients (13.1%) with intravascular haemolysis, manifested by jaundice (68.6%), oliguria (45.7%), dark urine (28.6%), haemorrhage (25.7%), anuria (8.6%) and shock (2.9%), besides the cutaneous effects. Specific antivenom was given to 125 patients (46.8%) and only 8 (6.5%) had mild reactions. Acute renal failure was observed in 17 cases (6.4%); 4 patients (1.5%) died, all of whom were children under 14 years old.
1985年1月至1995年12月期间，对向弗洛里亚诺波利斯毒理学信息中心（巴西圣卡塔琳娜州）报告的267例巴西游走蛛属蜘蛛咬伤（游走蛛中毒）病例进行了临床和流行病学研究。大多数事件发生在该州中南部地区的沿海地带，且在最温暖的月份。已确定致病因是巴西游走蛛和中间游走蛛。232例（86.9%）患者被临床诊断为皮肤型游走蛛中毒，伴有局部疼痛（86.5%）、水肿（80.5%）、充血（79.8%）和坏死（56.9%）。35例（13.1%）患者被检测出皮肤内脏型游走蛛中毒，除皮肤症状外，还伴有血管内溶血，表现为黄疸（68.6%）、少尿（45.7%）、深色尿（28.6%）、出血（25.7%）、无尿（8.6%）和休克（2.9%）。125例患者（46.8%）接受了特异性抗蛇毒血清治疗，其中只有8例（6.5%）出现轻微反应。观察到17例（6.4%）出现急性肾衰竭；4例患者（1.5%）死亡，均为14岁以下儿童。
