Mizunami M, Weibrecht J M, Strausfeld N J
ARL Division of Neurobiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
J Comp Neurol. 1998 Dec 28;402(4):520-37.
Insects and other arthropods use visual landmarks to remember the location of their nest, or its equivalent. However, so far, only olfactory learning and memory have been claimed to be mediated by any particular brain region, notably the mushroom bodies. Here we describe the results of experiments that demonstrate that the mushroom bodies of the cockroach (Periplaneta americana), already shown to be involved in multimodal sensory processing, play a crucial role in place memory. Behavioral tests, based on paradigms similar to those originally used to demonstrate place memory in rats, demonstrate a rapid improvement in the ability of individual cockroaches to locate a hidden target when its position is provided by distant visual cues. Bilateral lesions of selected areas of the mushroom bodies abolish this ability but leave unimpaired the ability to locate a visible target. The present results demonstrate that the integrity of the pedunculus and medial lobe of a single mushroom body is required for place memory. The results are comparable to the results obtained from hippocampal lesions in rats and are relevant to recent studies on the effects of ablations of Drosophila mushroom bodies on locomotion.
昆虫和其他节肢动物利用视觉地标来记住它们巢穴或类似地点的位置。然而，到目前为止，只有嗅觉学习和记忆被认为是由特定的脑区介导的，特别是蘑菇体。在这里，我们描述了一些实验结果，这些结果表明蟑螂（美洲大蠊）的蘑菇体，已被证明参与多模态感觉处理，在位置记忆中起着关键作用。行为测试基于与最初用于证明大鼠位置记忆的范式相似的范式，结果表明，当远处的视觉线索提供隐藏目标的位置时，个体蟑螂定位该目标的能力会迅速提高。对蘑菇体选定区域进行双侧损伤会消除这种能力，但定位可见目标的能力不受影响。目前的结果表明，单个蘑菇体的柄和内侧叶的完整性是位置记忆所必需的。这些结果与大鼠海马损伤实验的结果相当，并且与最近关于果蝇蘑菇体切除对运动影响的研究相关。
