Bobko N A, Karpenko O V, Cherniuk V I
Institute for Occupational Health, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev.
Fiziol Zh (1994). 1998;44(5-6):35-42.
Using the multiple psychophysiological testing for 73 Chornobyl NPP control room operators (N = 1270 subject tests) there were revealed, that the information processing effectiveness significantly decreases during night shift, whereas during morning and evening shifts it is maintaining at the constant level practically. This is caused, on the one hand, by the circadian rhythms peculiarities of the different occupationally vital performance parameters (performance speed functions deteriorate under the absence of the improvement of others at night, while at the day time there are observed the different directioned changes for the different functions), on the other hand--by the more sensitivity of the body to the fatigue and work tension at night. The significant expression of the manifestation of natural circadian rhythms in the variations of the professionally important parameters of the operators' mental activity has been connected with the increased influence of the unfavourable factors on the workers' functional body state. There are revealed the more sensitivity of the information processing speed parameters to the fatigue in comparison with an accuracy, and the more sensitivity of the mental activity accuracy to the lengthy supported level of the nervous-emotional work tension in comparison with a speed.
对73名切尔诺贝利核电站控制室操作员进行了多次心理生理测试（共计1270次受试者测试），结果发现，夜班期间信息处理效率显著下降，而早班和晚班期间信息处理效率实际上保持在恒定水平。一方面，这是由于不同职业重要绩效参数的昼夜节律特性（夜间在其他参数未改善的情况下，绩效速度功能会恶化，而白天不同功能会出现不同方向的变化），另一方面，是由于身体在夜间对疲劳和工作紧张更为敏感。操作员心理活动的职业重要参数变化中自然昼夜节律表现的显著体现，与不利因素对工人身体功能状态的影响增加有关。研究发现，与准确性相比，信息处理速度参数对疲劳更敏感；与速度相比，心理活动准确性对长期维持的神经情绪工作紧张水平更敏感。
