Martimo K P
Research and Development Centre for Occupational Health Services, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1998 Oct;24(5):439-43.
The aim of this article is to describe how an audit matrix for occupational health units was formulated, what the preliminary results tell about its applicability, and how the matrix can help to implement the principles of "good practice in occupational health services".
Twelve areas eligible for auditing were selected for the matrix. According to the recently issued principles of good practice, the principles of total quality management and continuous quality improvement, each area was divided into descriptions of 4 quality levels, the lowest being given 0 points and the highest 5-6 points. The maximum total score was 72 points.
Of the 30 external audits, no unit had less than 18 points. Nine units had 19-36 points, 17 units had 37-54 points, and 4 units had over 54 points. "Maintenance of work ability" received the highest mean of the given points (4.1), followed by "curative care"(4.0) and "multidisciplinarity"(3.9). The lowest means were for "planning of activities" (3.1), "customer orientation"(3.2), and "quality improvement"(3.2).
The audit matrix proved to be a practical method for auditing occupational health units, revealing both the most common flaws and strengths in the quality of Finnish occupational health services. Because the matrix has been accepted well by occupational health professionals and it manages to classify the units, it is probably a useful instrument for evaluating the performance of occupational health units and promoting good practice.
本文旨在描述职业健康单位审计矩阵是如何制定的，其初步结果对适用性有何说明，以及该矩阵如何有助于落实“职业健康服务良好实践”原则。
为该矩阵选取了12个适合审计的领域。根据最近发布的良好实践原则、全面质量管理和持续质量改进原则，每个领域分为4个质量水平的描述，最低水平得0分，最高水平得5至6分。总分最高为72分。
在30次外部审计中，没有一个单位得分低于18分。9个单位得19至36分，17个单位得37至54分，4个单位得分超过54分。“工作能力维护”得分均值最高（4.1），其次是“治疗护理”（4.0）和“多学科性”（3.9）。得分均值最低的是“活动规划”（3.1）、“以客户为导向”（3.2）和“质量改进”（3.2）。
审计矩阵被证明是审计职业健康单位的一种实用方法，揭示了芬兰职业健康服务质量中最常见的缺陷和优势。由于该矩阵已被职业健康专业人员广泛接受，并且能够对各单位进行分类，它可能是评估职业健康单位绩效和推广良好实践的有用工具。
