L'Ecuyer P B, Miller M, Winters K, Fraser V J
Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Health System, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1998 Dec;19(12):915-7. doi: 10.1086/647763.
To assess baseline health status of a medical school employee population and to assess this population's acceptance of vaccination and other interventions to reduce risk of disease transmission.
A retrospective review of an employee health records database for a 4-year period.
A large, urban university hospital.
5,007 employees screened by employee health for immunity to vaccine-preventable illnesses and tuberculosis.
9.4% of the employees had positive tuberculin skin tests, with a conversion rate of 6.4% for those who had negative tests within the previous 2 years. Two individuals were identified who had active pulmonary tuberculosis. Fewer than 10% of the individuals for whom isoniazid chemoprophylaxis was recommended completed the 6 months of therapy. Most clinical employees (96.1%) did not have a history of prior hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection or immunization, but 77% of them subsequently completed the vaccination series. Most employees with a negative history for infection with or immunization against rubella, rubeola, and varicella had serological evidence of immunity (90.2%, 97.9%, and 87.2%, respectively).
Review of aggregate employee health databases may assist individuals who must establish strategies for prevention of occupational illness and disease transmission in this specialized setting. While many employees at risk for HBV complete the vaccination series, strategies for improving this rate could be helpful. Substantial work is needed to analyze reasons why so few individuals for whom isoniazid chemoprophylaxis is recommended complete the therapy, and strategies tailored to the impediments identified should be implemented.
评估一所医学院校员工群体的基线健康状况，并评估该群体对疫苗接种及其他降低疾病传播风险干预措施的接受程度。
对一个为期4年的员工健康记录数据库进行回顾性分析。
一家大型城市大学医院。
5007名接受员工健康筛查以检测对疫苗可预防疾病和结核病免疫力的员工。
9.4%的员工结核菌素皮肤试验呈阳性，在过去2年内试验结果为阴性的员工中，转化率为6.4%。确定有2人患有活动性肺结核。建议进行异烟肼化学预防的人员中，完成6个月治疗的不到10%。大多数临床员工（96.1%）既往无乙肝病毒（HBV）感染或免疫史，但其中77%随后完成了疫苗接种系列。大多数风疹、麻疹和水痘感染或免疫史为阴性的员工有血清学免疫证据（分别为90.2%、97.9%和87.2%）。
审查综合员工健康数据库可能有助于那些必须在此特殊环境中制定职业疾病和疾病传播预防策略的人员。虽然许多有感染HBV风险的员工完成了疫苗接种系列，但提高这一比例的策略可能会有所帮助。需要大量工作来分析为何建议进行异烟肼化学预防的人员中如此少的人完成治疗，并应实施针对所发现障碍的策略。
