Singh D K, Lippman S M
Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
Oncology (Williston Park). 1998 Dec;12(12):1787-800; discussion 1802, 1805.
This two-part series provides an up-to-date summary of the various chemopreventive agents currently in development and testing. Part 1, published in last month's issue, focused on the retinoids, such as all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA [Vesanoid]), 9-cis-retinoic acid (9cRA), and isotretinoin (Accutane), and the carotenoids, such as beta-carotene and lycopene, and other "classic" antioxidants, such as vitamins E and C and selenium. This second part centers on hormonally mediated chemopreventives, such as tamoxifen (Nolvadex), finasteride (Proscar), oral contraceptives, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). A number of these agents have site-specific mechanisms of action and will be discussed as such. Also discussed in part 2 are various nonclassic antioxidant natural agents, including calcium, the polyphenols, the isothiocyanates, and genistein; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), such as aspirin and sulindac; difluoromethylornithine (DFMO [Eflornithine]); oltipraz; and N-acetylcysteine.
这个分为两部分的系列文章提供了目前正在研发和测试的各种化学预防剂的最新综述。第一部分发表在上个月的期刊上，重点介绍了维甲酸类药物，如全反式维甲酸（ATRA[维甲酸]）、9-顺式维甲酸（9cRA）和异维甲酸（异维A酸[泰尔丝]），以及类胡萝卜素，如β-胡萝卜素和番茄红素，还有其他“经典”抗氧化剂，如维生素E、维生素C和硒。第二部分聚焦于激素介导的化学预防剂，如他莫昔芬（诺瓦得士）、非那雄胺（保列治）、口服避孕药和脱氢表雄酮（DHEA）。其中一些药物具有位点特异性作用机制，将按此进行讨论。第二部分还讨论了各种非经典抗氧化天然药物，包括钙、多酚、异硫氰酸盐和染料木黄酮；非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs），如阿司匹林和舒林酸；二氟甲基鸟氨酸（DFMO[依氟鸟氨酸]）；奥替普拉；以及N-乙酰半胱氨酸。
