Matthews E E
College of Nursing, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, Newark, USA.
Adv Pract Nurs Q. 1998 Fall;4(2):19-22.
The explosive progress that has been made in cancer genetics in the past few years has given rise to new hope. These promising discoveries have also given rise to considerable uncertainty and debate concerning how this knowledge should be applied and who should have ownership of its products and effects. The medical, psychological, social, legal, and ethical implications of genetic testing for cancer, specifically breast and ovarian cancers, are discussed. The ethical principles of confidentiality, justice, beneficence, and autonomy as they relate to cancer predisposition testing also are explored. Recommendations are made for nursing practice, education, and research.
过去几年癌症遗传学取得的突破性进展带来了新的希望。这些令人鼓舞的发现也引发了关于如何应用这些知识以及谁应该拥有其成果和影响的所有权的诸多不确定性和争论。本文讨论了癌症（特别是乳腺癌和卵巢癌）基因检测的医学、心理、社会、法律和伦理影响。还探讨了与癌症易感性检测相关的保密、公正、行善和自主等伦理原则。针对护理实践、教育和研究提出了建议。
