Hunter R H, Huang W T, Holtz W
Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, University of Göttingen, Germany.
J Reprod Fertil. 1998 Sep;114(1):17-23. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.1140017.
Aliquots of ejaculated boar semen containing known numbers of spermatozoa were deposited into the caudal isthmus or rostral ampulla of the Fallopian tubes of gilts at, or immediately after, ovulation to assess regional influences on the rate of capacitation. Eggs were recovered during a second intervention 4, 5, 6 or 7 h after surgical insemination and were examined by phase-contrast microscopy. Results were obtained from ten animals in each of the 4-, 5- and 6-h groups and from eight animals in the 7-h group. With two exceptions, fertilized eggs were not recovered until 6 h after insemination into the isthmus, the proportion (45.6%) being significantly greater than the corresponding figure (1.4%) for ampullary insemination (P < 0.001). Similarly, the proportion of fertilized eggs recovered 7 h after insemination into the isthmus (58.7%) was significantly greater than after ampullary insemination (21.9%; P < 0.01). Numbers of spermatozoa associated with the zona pellucida remained low in all these instances, with mean figures per egg ranging from 0.3 to 3.8. Insemination into the isthmus gave a 1-2 h advantage in fertilization compared with insemination into the ampulla. Although relative rates of sperm cell progression to the site of fertilization may have contributed to this, there is strong evidence that rates of capacitation differ significantly in the respective portions of the Fallopian tube. Therefore, attention was focused on: (1) the viscous glycoprotein secretion in the caudal isthmus acting to remove seminal plasma from the sperm surface; and (2) the phase of sperm head binding to the isthmus epithelium. Gradients in local endocrine modulation by the adjacent ovary offer one explanation for the functional specialization of different regions of the Fallopian tubes.
将含有已知数量精子的公猪射精精液等分试样，在排卵时或排卵后立即注入后备母猪输卵管的峡部尾端或壶腹部头端，以评估不同区域对精子获能速率的影响。在手术授精后4、5、6或7小时的第二次干预期间回收卵子，并通过相差显微镜检查。4小时、5小时和6小时组各有10只动物参与实验，7小时组有8只动物参与实验。除两例外，将精液注入峡部后，直到授精后6小时才回收受精卵，其比例（45.6%）显著高于注入壶腹部的相应比例（1.4%，P<0.001）。同样，将精液注入峡部后7小时回收的受精卵比例（58.7%）显著高于注入壶腹部后的比例（21.9%，P<0.01）。在所有这些情况下，与透明带相关的精子数量仍然很低，每个卵子的平均数量在0.3到3.8之间。与将精液注入壶腹部相比，将精液注入峡部在受精方面有1-2小时的优势。虽然精子向受精部位前进的相对速率可能对此有影响，但有强有力的证据表明，输卵管各部分的精子获能速率存在显著差异。因此，研究重点集中在：（1）峡部尾端的粘性糖蛋白分泌物，其作用是从精子表面去除精浆；（2）精子头部与峡部上皮结合的阶段。相邻卵巢局部内分泌调节的梯度变化为输卵管不同区域的功能特化提供了一种解释。
