Elawad B B, Ong E L
Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, University of Newcastle Medical School, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
J Travel Med. 1998 Dec;5(4):193-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8305.1998.tb00506.x.
Malaria, in particular Falciparum malaria, continues to pose a substantial risk to travelers to endemic areas.
In this study we examined 93 case notes of patients with malaria treated in our department between 1990 and 1996.
Forty-seven (50.5%) patients had infection with Plasmodium falciparum, 41 (44.1%) had Plasmodium vivax and 5 (5.4%) had Plasmodium ovale. One of these patients had a dual infection with P. falciparum and P. vivax. None of our patients had Plasmodium malariae. Forty-four of the P. falciparum cases (93.6%) were imported from sub-Saharan Africa, 33 of the P. vivax cases (78.5%) were imported from the Indian subcontinent. All the P. ovale cases were imported from sub-Saharan Africa. Fifty-four of our patients (58.1%) did not take any form of chemoprophylaxis. Forty-two out of 93 (45.2%) of the "travelers" were settled immigrants in the UK. Seventy-eight percent of travelers of British caucasian origin took prophylaxis whereas only 13.5% of travelers of ethnic minorities origin took prophylaxis.
Greater awareness of the risk of malaria by travelers and medical practitioners in UK must be encouraged and in particular appropriate chemoprophylaxis instituted for travelers to chloroquine-resistant areas.
疟疾，尤其是恶性疟，仍然对前往流行地区的旅行者构成重大风险。
在本研究中，我们检查了1990年至1996年间在我们科室接受治疗的93例疟疾病例记录。
47例（50.5%）患者感染恶性疟原虫，41例（44.1%）感染间日疟原虫，5例（5.4%）感染卵形疟原虫。其中1例患者同时感染恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫。我们的患者中没有感染三日疟原虫的。44例恶性疟病例（93.6%）是从撒哈拉以南非洲输入的，33例间日疟病例（78.5%）是从印度次大陆输入的。所有卵形疟病例均从撒哈拉以南非洲输入。54例患者（58.1%）未采取任何形式的化学预防措施。93例“旅行者”中有42例（45.2%）是定居在英国的移民。英国白人血统的旅行者中有78%采取了预防措施，而少数族裔血统的旅行者中只有13.5%采取了预防措施。
必须鼓励英国的旅行者和医生提高对疟疾风险的认识，特别是要为前往耐氯喹地区的旅行者采取适当的化学预防措施。
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