Zanetti C R, Consales C A, Rodrigues-da-Silva A C, Toyoshima Y K, Pereira O A
Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brasil.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 1998 Oct;31(10):1275-80. doi: 10.1590/s0100-879x1998001000007.
The human anti-rabies pre-exposure treatment currently used in Brazil, employing a 1-ml dose of suckling mouse brain vaccine (SMBV) administered on days 0, 2, 4 and 28, was compared to an alternative treatment with two 1 ml-doses on day 0, and one 1 ml-dose injected on days 7 and 21. The latter induced higher virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA) titers on day 21. Both Brazilian rabies vaccines produced with PV or CVS rabies virus strains were tested. Two additional volunteer vaccine groups, receiving the pre-exposure and the abbreviated post-exposure schedules recommended by the WHO using cell-culture vaccine (CCV) produced with PM rabies virus strain, were included as reference. The VNA were measured against both PV and CVS strains on days 21, 42 and 180 by the cell-culture neutralization microtest. The PV-SMBV elicited higher seroconversion rates and VNA by day 21 than the CVS-SMBV. Both, however, failed to induce a long-term immunity, since VNA titers were < 0.5 IU/ml on day 180, regardless of the schedule used. Cell-culture vaccine always elicited very high VNA on all days of collection. When serum samples from people receiving mouse brain tissue were titrated against the PV and CVS strains, the VNA obtained were similar, regardless of the vaccinal strain and the virus used in the neutralization test. These results contrast with those obtained with sera from people receiving PM-CCV, whose VNA were significantly higher when tested against the CVS strain.
将巴西目前使用的人用狂犬病暴露前治疗方案，即采用1毫升剂量的乳鼠脑疫苗（SMBV）分别在第0、2、4和28天接种，与另一种替代治疗方案进行了比较，后者是在第0天接种两剂1毫升，在第7天和第21天各接种一剂1毫升。后者在第21天诱导产生了更高的病毒中和抗体（VNA）滴度。对两种用PV或CVS狂犬病病毒株生产的巴西狂犬病疫苗都进行了测试。另外纳入了两个志愿者疫苗组作为对照，这两组按照世界卫生组织推荐的暴露前和简化暴露后接种程序，使用由PM狂犬病病毒株生产的细胞培养疫苗（CCV）。在第21、42和180天，通过细胞培养中和微量试验测定针对PV和CVS毒株的VNA。到第21天时，PV-SMBV比CVS-SMBV引发了更高的血清转化率和VNA。然而，两者都未能诱导长期免疫，因为无论采用何种接种程序，在第180天时VNA滴度均<0.5 IU/ml。细胞培养疫苗在所有采集日都始终引发非常高的VNA。当对接受鼠脑组织的人的血清样本针对PV和CVS毒株进行滴定时，无论疫苗毒株和中和试验中使用的病毒如何，获得的VNA相似。这些结果与接受PM-CCV的人的血清结果形成对比，后者针对CVS毒株测试时VNA显著更高。
