Bailey T A, Silvanose C, Wernery U, Samour J H, Naldo J
Wildlife Veterinary Research Institute, Environmental Research and Wildlife Development Agency, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Avian Dis. 1998 Oct-Dec;42(4):690-7.
The resistance to 11 antimicrobial agents of bacteria isolated from clinical and postmortem cases of five species of bustards maintained in captivity in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) from 1995 to 1997 was determined by disc sensitivity. Of 226 isolates, 169 (74.8%) were gram-negative bacilli, with the majority identified as Escherichia coli (28.8%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19%). The isolates of E. coli showed a high prevalence of resistance to amoxycillin (69%), tetracycline (66.7%), and sulphamethoxazole (43.3%). Moderate resistance to enrofloxacin was observed in E. coli (30%) and P. aeruginosa (19%) isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to seven antimicrobial agents were determined for 133 bacterial isolates from bustards during 1996 to 1997. Enrofloxacin (concentration required to inhibit 50% of the isolates [MIC50] < 0.5 microgram/ml) and gentamicin (MIC50 < or = 1.0 microgram/ml) exhibited good activity against both gram-negative bacilli and staphylococci isolated from bustards. Enrofloxacin (MIC50 < or = 1.5 micrograms/ml), gentamicin (MIC50 < or = 2.0 micrograms/ml), and piperacillin (MIC50 < or = 4.0 micrograms/ml) exhibited good activity against P. aeruginosa isolates. Amoxycillin/clavulanic acid showed good activity (concentration required to inhibit 90% of the isolates [MIC90] < or = 2.0 micrograms/ml) against gram-positive cocci and moderate activity (MIC50 < or = 3.0 micrograms/ml) against E. coli, Salmonella spp., and Klebsiella spp. Amoxycillin exhibited good activity (MIC50 < or = 0.5 microgram/ml) against gram-positive organisms and moderate activity (MIC50 < or = 1.0 microgram/ml) against Salmonella spp. These results provide information on the prevalence of resistant bacterial strains and the MICs of organisms derived from bustards in the UAE.
采用纸片扩散法测定了1995年至1997年在阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE）人工饲养的5种鸨的临床和尸检病例中分离出的细菌对11种抗菌药物的耐药性。在226株分离菌中，169株（74.8%）为革兰氏阴性杆菌，其中大多数鉴定为大肠杆菌（28.8%）和铜绿假单胞菌（19%）。大肠杆菌分离株对阿莫西林（69%）、四环素（66.7%）和磺胺甲恶唑（43.3%）的耐药率较高。在大肠杆菌（30%）和铜绿假单胞菌（19%）分离株中观察到对恩诺沙星的中度耐药。测定了1996年至1997年从鸨中分离出的133株细菌对7种抗菌药物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。恩诺沙星（抑制50%分离株所需浓度[MIC50]<0.5微克/毫升）和庆大霉素（MIC50≤1.0微克/毫升）对从鸨中分离出的革兰氏阴性杆菌和葡萄球菌均表现出良好的活性。恩诺沙星（MIC50≤1.5微克/毫升）、庆大霉素（MIC50≤2.0微克/毫升）和哌拉西林（MIC50≤4.0微克/毫升）对铜绿假单胞菌分离株表现出良好的活性。阿莫西林/克拉维酸对革兰氏阳性球菌表现出良好的活性（抑制90%分离株所需浓度[MIC90]≤2.0微克/毫升），对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌属和克雷伯菌属表现出中度活性（MIC50≤3.0微克/毫升）。阿莫西林对革兰氏阳性菌表现出良好的活性（MIC50≤0.5微克/毫升），对沙门氏菌属表现出中度活性（MIC50≤1.0微克/毫升）。这些结果提供了关于阿联酋鸨源耐药菌株的流行情况和微生物MIC的信息。
