Genomic structure of PEX13, a candidate peroxisome biogenesis disorder gene.

The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are a set of lethal genetic diseases characterized by peroxisomal metabolic deficiencies, multisystem abnormalities, mental retardation, and premature death. These disorders are genetically heterogeneous and are caused by mutations in genes, termed PEX genes, required for import of proteins into the peroxisomal matrix. We have previously reported the identification of human PEX13, the gene encoding the docking factor for the PTS1 receptor, or PEX5 protein. As such, mutations in PEX13 would be expected to abrogate peroxisomal protein import and result in PBD phenotypes. We report here the structure of the human PEX13 gene. PEX13 spans approximately 11 kb on chromosome 2 and contains four exons, one more than previously thought. The corrected PEX13 cDNA is predicted to encode a protein product with a molecular mass of 44,312 Da. We examined the ability of PEX13 expression to rescue the peroxisomal protein import defects of fibroblast cells representing all known PBD complementation groups. No complementation was observed, suggesting that this gene is not mutated in any set of existing patients. However, given that complementation group assignments have been determined for only a subset of PBD patients, it is possible that PEX13-deficient patients may exist at a low frequency within our existing PBD patient population or within ethnic groups underrepresented in our patient pool.