McNamara J A, Bagramian R A
Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center for Human Growth and Development, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1078, USA.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999 Jan;115(1):72-6. doi: 10.1016/s0889-5406(99)70318-5.
This prospective diary survey provides documentation concerning the occurrence of percutaneous injury among orthodontic chairside assistants in the United States and Canada. A 20-day period was used to collect data regarding exposure to injuries; 693 valid responses were received from orthodontic assistants. Most chairside assistants in this sample work in a solo practice and average 33 hours per week treating patients for 49 weeks per year. The study identified a percutaneous injury rate of 0.11 for chairside assistants during this period, a rate than can be extrapolated to 1.4 episodes of percutaneous injury per year per chairside assistant. The majority of these injuries occurred outside the mouth. Those assistants with longer orthodontic experience had a lower injury rate than those with less experience. The rate of percutaneous injury to dental assistants was slightly higher than the annual rate (0.99) for orthodontists monitored by means of a companion survey and slightly lower than the rate (1.9) for a smaller sample of orthodontists from the American Dental Association survey of 1995. The annual rate of percutaneous injury for orthodontic chairside assistants is less than half of that observed for dentists in general practice.
这项前瞻性日记式调查提供了有关美国和加拿大正畸椅旁助手发生经皮损伤情况的记录。采用了为期20天的时间段来收集有关受伤暴露情况的数据；共收到693名正畸助手的有效回复。该样本中的大多数椅旁助手在单人执业环境中工作，平均每周工作33小时，每年治疗患者49周。该研究确定在此期间椅旁助手的经皮损伤率为0.11，这一比率可推算为每名椅旁助手每年发生1.4次经皮损伤。这些损伤大多数发生在口腔外。正畸经验较长的助手的损伤率低于经验较少的助手。牙科助手的经皮损伤率略高于通过一项配套调查监测的正畸医生的年发生率（0.99），略低于1995年美国牙科协会调查中较小样本的正畸医生的发生率（1.9）。正畸椅旁助手的年经皮损伤率不到普通牙科医生观察到的损伤率的一半。
