Larsson B, Ivarsson T
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998 Dec;7(4):201-8. doi: 10.1007/s007870050068.
The clinical characteristics of 191 adolescent inpatients were examined in relation to frequency of previous suicide attempts, predictors of suicide attempts prior to hospitalization, and lifetime suicide attempts. Overall, more than 50% of the adolescent inpatients had attempted suicide during their lifetime, and of these more than half (58%) had made more than one attempt. Approximately half of the suicide attempters had made a serious attempt prior to hospitalization. Girls reported higher levels of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation than boys, in addition to having attempted suicide prior to hospitalization (33%) or during lifetime (37%) more often than the boys (13% and 26%, respectively). Although about two thirds of the adolescent inpatients reported that they had received some help after a suicide attempt, approximately half of the repeaters had not received any help. The results of multivariate analyses showed that suicide attempts made prior to hospitalization were predicted by depressive symptom levels and a clinical diagnosis of depressive disorder, whereas frequency of lifetime suicide attempts was predicted by suicidal ideation levels and having a family member or a friend who had attempted (or committed) suicide. The high prevalence of lifetime and repeated suicide attempts among the psychiatric inpatients underscores the importance of identifying risk factors in the clinical evaluation of adolescent suicide attempters.
对191名青少年住院患者的临床特征进行了检查，内容涉及既往自杀未遂的频率、住院前自杀未遂的预测因素以及终生自杀未遂情况。总体而言，超过50%的青少年住院患者曾在其一生中尝试过自杀，其中一半以上（58%）尝试过不止一次。约一半的自杀未遂者在住院前曾有过严重的自杀未遂行为。女孩报告的抑郁症状和自杀意念水平高于男孩，此外，女孩在住院前（33%）或一生中（37%）尝试自杀的频率高于男孩（分别为13%和26%）。尽管约三分之二的青少年住院患者报告称他们在自杀未遂后得到了一些帮助，但约一半的再次自杀未遂者没有得到任何帮助。多因素分析结果显示，住院前的自杀未遂可由抑郁症状水平和抑郁症临床诊断预测，而终生自杀未遂频率可由自杀意念水平以及有家庭成员或朋友曾尝试（或实施）自杀来预测。精神科住院患者中终生和反复自杀未遂的高发生率凸显了在青少年自杀未遂者的临床评估中识别危险因素的重要性。
