Morrow C D, Novak M J, Ansardi D C, Porter D C, Moldoveanu Z
Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294, USA.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1999;236:255-73. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-59951-4_13.
The development and characterization of viral based vaccine vectors is extremely active research field. Much of this work has been facilitated by developments in molecular biology that allow work with large plasmid-based vectors, as well as the use of PCR. Several different vector systems are now available using RNA viruses and DNA viruses. Each vector system has its own strengths and weaknesses. Due to the differences and diversity between the viruses used as vectors, it is doubtful that a single system will be useful for all desired vaccines. However, the further development of existing, as well as potentially new systems, will provide a repertoire for vaccinologists to design the recombinant vaccine which will generate an optimal humoral and immune response for protection against infection or disease caused by pathogens that infect via mucosal surfaces.
基于病毒的疫苗载体的开发与特性研究是一个极为活跃的研究领域。分子生物学的发展极大地推动了这项工作，这些发展使得能够使用大型基于质粒的载体开展研究，同时也得益于聚合酶链式反应（PCR）的应用。目前可利用RNA病毒和DNA病毒构建几种不同的载体系统。每个载体系统都有其自身的优缺点。由于用作载体的病毒之间存在差异和多样性，因此单一系统是否适用于所有所需疫苗令人怀疑。然而，现有系统以及潜在新系统的进一步发展，将为疫苗学家提供一系列选择，以设计出能产生最佳体液免疫和免疫反应的重组疫苗，从而预防由通过黏膜表面感染的病原体引起的感染或疾病。
