Totman R
Br J Med Psychol. 1976 Dec;49(4):393-400. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1976.tb02390.x.
Insomnia in 11 general hospital in-patients was treated by a placebo. The conditions of administration of the placebo were experimentally varied, and a hypothesis derived from Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory was tested. Consistent with this hypothesis, it was found that patients who were required to make meaningful decisions concerning their treatment derived significantly greater hypnotic (therapeutic) value from it than did patients whose treatment was simply administered to them and who were not required to make such decisions. The power of cognitive dissonance theory to explain the placebo effect, and the therapeutic potential of this approach are discussed.
11名综合医院住院患者的失眠症采用安慰剂进行治疗。对安慰剂的给药条件进行了实验性改变，并对源自费斯汀格认知失调理论的一个假设进行了检验。与该假设一致的是，研究发现，被要求就其治疗做出有意义决策的患者，从治疗中获得的催眠（治疗）价值显著高于那些只是接受治疗且未被要求做出此类决策的患者。本文讨论了认知失调理论解释安慰剂效应的能力以及这种方法的治疗潜力。
