Congenital dislocation of the hip associated with congenital muscular torticollis.

Four recently identified cases of congenital dislocation of the hip associated with congenital muscular torticollis out of 49 consecutive cases of frank dislocation of the hip suggest that: the coexistence of congenital muscular torticollis and congenital dislocation of the hip occurs more commonly than is generally appreciated; the presence of either abnormality should initiate a careful appraisal for the presence of the other; although both conditions are seen more commonly in children delivered by breech extraction, a direct causal relationship has not yet been established although the abnormal uterine position is definitely related to each condition.