Mintz J, O'B'rien C P, Luborsky L
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976 Oct;33(10):1183-6. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770100045003.
This study was designed to assess the relative prognostic importance of patient factors, therapist characterists, and treatment mode. The sample was 100 schizophrenic outpatients referred to a community mental health center following psychiatric hospitalization. Patients were randomly assigned to either group (N=50) or individual (N=50) psychotherapy. Criteria were rehospitalization and two clinician ratings--adjustment and social effectiveness--at a two-year follow-up. The best predictor of rehospitalization was the number of previous hospitalizations. The best predictor of adjustment status at two years was pretreatment adjustment level. Also, patients with good prognostic indices made relatively large gains. Predictors of outcome for group-treated patients did not differ from those for individually treated patients. Controlling for initial status, treatment mode was almost as good as predictor of adjustment gains as were other patient factors.
本研究旨在评估患者因素、治疗师特征和治疗模式的相对预后重要性。样本为100名精神科住院后转诊至社区心理健康中心的精神分裂症门诊患者。患者被随机分配到团体心理治疗组（N = 50）或个体心理治疗组（N = 50）。评判标准为再住院情况以及在两年随访时由两名临床医生做出的评定——适应情况和社会效能。再住院的最佳预测指标是既往住院次数。两年时适应状况的最佳预测指标是治疗前的适应水平。此外，具有良好预后指标的患者改善相对较大。团体治疗患者与个体治疗患者的预后预测指标并无差异。在控制初始状态的情况下，治疗模式几乎与其他患者因素一样，是适应改善情况的良好预测指标。
