Cortes D, Lee K, Thorup J M
Børneafdelingen og organkirurgisk afdeling, Hillerød Sygehus.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1999 Jan 11;161(2):147-50.
The purpose of this study was to investigate frequency and pattern of urological abnormalities in children younger than two years of age in the county of Frederiksborg, Denmark, with a catchment area of about 350,000 people, and furthermore to investigate in which way the urological abnormalities were diagnosed. From 1994-1996 a total of 35 children younger than two years of age were found to have urological abnormalities. Fourteen patients had a ultrasonographical prenatally diagnosed urological abnormality, which was confirmed postnatally. Twenty-one children were diagnosed with urological abnormalities after presentry with their first urinary tract infection. The obstructive urological diagnoses: congenital hydronephrosis, congenital megaureter and posterior urethral valves made up to 57% (20/35) of the abnormalities. Nine boys were operated upon; three for unilateral hydronephrosis, two for posterior urethral valves, one for unilateral megaureter and three for phimosis. Two girls were treated with oestrogen for labial fusion. Urological abnormalities which were treated were found among the ultrasonographically diagnosed abnormalities, apart from phimosis and labial fusion. The frequency of urological abnormalities was 0.25% in children younger than two years of age in Frederiksborg county. In conclusion, in 1994-1996 the frequency and pattern of urological abnormalities in Frederiksborg county was in accordance with the figures in the literature. Urological abnormalities requiring treatment were diagnosed in 11 children; 55% (6/11) ultrasonographically and 45% (5/11) by examination of the external genitalia of children younger than two years of age at the time of the first diagnosed urinary tract infection.
本研究的目的是调查丹麦腓特烈堡县约35万人口集水区内两岁以下儿童泌尿系统异常的频率和模式，此外还调查泌尿系统异常的诊断方式。1994年至1996年期间，共发现35名两岁以下儿童存在泌尿系统异常。14例患者在产前经超声诊断为泌尿系统异常，并在出生后得到证实。21名儿童在首次出现尿路感染后被诊断为泌尿系统异常。梗阻性泌尿系统诊断：先天性肾积水、先天性巨输尿管和后尿道瓣膜占异常的57%（20/35）。9名男孩接受了手术；3例为单侧肾积水，2例为后尿道瓣膜，1例为单侧巨输尿管，3例为包茎。2名女孩因阴唇融合接受雌激素治疗。除包茎和阴唇融合外，在超声诊断的异常中发现了接受治疗的泌尿系统异常。腓特烈堡县两岁以下儿童泌尿系统异常的频率为0.25%。总之，1994年至1996年期间，腓特烈堡县泌尿系统异常的频率和模式与文献中的数据一致。11名儿童被诊断出需要治疗的泌尿系统异常；55%（6/11）通过超声诊断，45%（5/11）在首次诊断尿路感染时通过检查两岁以下儿童的外生殖器诊断。
