Valdimarsson G, Einarsson H, Gudbjörnsdottir B, Magnusson H
Icelandic Fisheries Laboratories, Reykjavík.
Int J Food Microbiol. 1998 Dec 8;45(2):157-61. doi: 10.1016/s0168-1605(98)00149-4.
Iceland is a major producer of cold water shrimp, Pandalus borealis. In recent years considerable attention has been given to improve hygiene in the factories producing cooked, peeled and frozen shrimp. To keep track of the bacteriological status of the end product, shrimp from most of the factories is routinely analysed bacteriologically by the request of shrimp exporters. This paper reports on the results of a bacteriological analysis of 7913 samples of shrimp from 26 Icelandic factories over a 6-year period. The results showed that the geometric mean of APC (at 35 degrees C) was 1718 per g and 57% of the samples had APC under 1000 per g. Some 70% of the samples had less than one coliform per g and 99.9% of the samples had less than one faecal coliform per g. Staphylococcus aureus was detected in less than 0.2% of the samples. The results show improvement in bacterial profiles, mainly total coliforms, over the 6-year period. Overall, the results show acceptable bacterial numbers in the finished product, indicating a high level of hygiene. Listeria spp. were, however, found in 270 of 3331 samples examined or 8.1%. Species identification was done on 49 of the 270 positive samples. The proportion of L. monocytogenes was found to be 26.5%.
冰岛是冷水虾——北方长额虾的主要产地。近年来，人们相当关注提高熟制、去壳和冷冻虾生产工厂的卫生水平。为跟踪最终产品的细菌学状况，应虾类出口商的要求，对大多数工厂的虾进行常规细菌学分析。本文报告了对冰岛26家工厂6年间7913份虾样本进行细菌学分析的结果。结果显示，（35摄氏度下）需氧嗜温菌数（APC）的几何平均值为每克1718个，57%的样本APC低于每克1000个。约70%的样本每克大肠菌群数少于1个，99.9%的样本每克粪大肠菌群数少于1个。不到0.2%的样本检测出金黄色葡萄球菌。结果表明，在这6年期间，细菌分布状况有所改善，主要是总大肠菌群。总体而言，结果显示成品中的细菌数量可接受，表明卫生水平较高。然而，在3331份检测样本中，有270份（8.1%）检测出李斯特菌属。对270份阳性样本中的49份进行了菌种鉴定。发现产单核细胞李斯特菌的比例为26.5%。
