Silverstein M N, Tefferi A
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Semin Hematol. 1999 Jan;36(1 Suppl 2):23-5.
Essential thrombocythemia (ET), the most common of the chronic myeloproliferative disorders, is characterized by thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications. Thrombotic complications predominate, endangering especially the older population and those with prior history of thrombotic episodes. However, because the life expectancy of ET patients is generally of normal length, caution must be exercised in treating these patients, and the complications of treatment must be weighed against the complications of the disease. Historically, most drugs used in the treatment of ET, such as alkylating agents and radiophosphorus, were carcinogenic themselves. Even hydroxyurea has recently come under investigation for its long-term mutagenicity. The newest drug, anagrelide, approved in March 1997 specifically for ET, appears to be safe and well tolerated.
原发性血小板增多症（ET）是慢性骨髓增殖性疾病中最常见的一种，其特征为血栓形成和出血并发症。血栓形成并发症更为常见，尤其危及老年人群以及既往有血栓形成发作史的患者。然而，由于ET患者的预期寿命通常正常，因此在治疗这些患者时必须谨慎，并且必须权衡治疗并发症与疾病并发症。从历史上看，用于治疗ET的大多数药物，如烷化剂和放射性磷，本身都具有致癌性。甚至羟基脲最近也因其长期致突变性而受到调查。1997年3月专门批准用于ET的最新药物阿那格雷，似乎安全且耐受性良好。
