Edwards D, Fichman S
J Psychol. 1976 Sep;94(1st Half):73-7. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1976.9921398.
In an effort to establish definitive patterns of patient variables for the diagnostic categories used by psychiatry, this study investigated the similarity between diagnostic classes as perceived by psychiatrists when evaluating patients from their own caseloads. A grid method was used to evaluate the diagnostic process. Thirteen psychiatrists rated their own patients on the constructs generated from their own personal dimensions. An overall analysis of the data demonstrated that patients within a diagnostic category were seen as more similar to one another than were patients from different diagnostic categories. Similarities between diagnostic classes showed that neurotic/situational maladjustment, personality disorder/alcoholic, and psychotic/alcoholic were the most similar pairs of unlike diagnoses. Examination of the process of diagnosis showed the functional similarity between some diagnostic classes. Specific areas of diagnostic similarity were present in a system that produced overall diagnostic clarity. Implications for the use of the grid method in psychiatric training were discussed.
为了确立精神病学所使用诊断类别的患者变量的确切模式，本研究调查了精神科医生在评估自己病例中的患者时所感知的诊断类别之间的相似性。采用网格法来评估诊断过程。13名精神科医生根据自己个人维度产生的构念对自己的患者进行评分。对数据的整体分析表明，同一诊断类别的患者被认为彼此之间比来自不同诊断类别的患者更相似。诊断类别之间的相似性表明，神经症/情境适应不良、人格障碍/酗酒者以及精神病/酗酒者是最相似的不同诊断组合。对诊断过程的检查显示了一些诊断类别之间的功能相似性。在一个能产生整体诊断清晰度的系统中存在诊断相似性的特定领域。讨论了网格法在精神病学培训中的应用意义。
