Li H, George V K, Crawford S C, Dhabuwala C B
Department of Urology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1999;18(1):73-7.
Cocaine abuse has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. Our recent study has shown that cocaine has adverse action on spermatogenesis and fertility in male rats. The indirect action of cocaine occurs by blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitter, which causes local vasoconstriction. In this study we evaluate blood flow to the testes after subcutaneous injection of cocaine to male rats.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two main groups. The treatment group received subcutaneous cocaine (30 mg/kg body weight) and the control animals received normal saline. Xenon-133 wash out experiments were carried out on testes at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90 min and 4.5 hours after injection of cocaine or normal saline. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS V. 7.S for windows. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
There was a reduction in testicular blood flow after cocaine administration to male rats. This vasoconstrictor effect was most pronounced at 15 min after injection of cocaine and persisted up to 60 min. At 90 min, the early restitution of blood flow to ischemic tissue occurred. There was a significant increase in testicular blood flow in cocaine-treated groups than in the control group during restitution phases at 90 min. At 4.5 hours, there was no difference in blood flow in both groups.
This study demonstrates that cocaine, when given subcutaneously at a 30 mg/kg body weight dose, results in prolonged vasoconstriction of the blood vessels to the testes. Adverse effects of cocaine on the testes may be in part due to ischemic and postischemic reperfusion injury to the organ.
可卡因滥用在美国已达到流行程度。我们最近的研究表明，可卡因对雄性大鼠的精子发生和生育能力有不良影响。可卡因的间接作用是通过阻断神经递质的再摄取来实现的，这会导致局部血管收缩。在本研究中，我们评估了给雄性大鼠皮下注射可卡因后睾丸的血流情况。
将雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠分为两个主要组。治疗组接受皮下注射可卡因（30毫克/千克体重），对照组动物接受生理盐水。在注射可卡因或生理盐水后的5、10、15、20、30、45、60、90分钟和4.5小时，对睾丸进行氙-133洗脱实验。使用SPSS V. 7.S for windows进行统计分析。P < 0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
给雄性大鼠注射可卡因后，睾丸血流减少。这种血管收缩效应在注射可卡因后15分钟最为明显，并持续到60分钟。在90分钟时，缺血组织的血流开始早期恢复。在90分钟的恢复阶段，可卡因治疗组的睾丸血流比对照组有显著增加。在4.5小时时，两组的血流没有差异。
本研究表明，以30毫克/千克体重的剂量皮下注射可卡因会导致睾丸血管长时间收缩。可卡因对睾丸的不良影响可能部分归因于该器官的缺血和缺血后再灌注损伤。
