Ziefle M
Institute of Psychology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Germany.
Hum Factors. 1998 Dec;40(4):554-68. doi: 10.1518/001872098779649355.
The role of display resolution in visual information processing was investigated in 2 experiments. Experiment 1 examined the effects of 2 CRT conditions (resolutions of 60 and 120 dots per inch [dpi]) and a paper control condition (255 dpi) on proofreading speed and accuracy. The results showed that reading performance was significantly better in the paper condition than in the 2 CRT conditions. Experiment 2 examined the effects of 3 different CRT resolutions (62, 69, and 89 dpi) on eye movement parameters (fixation duration and number of fixations) in a visual search task. Further, search reaction times (RTs) and observers' ratings of visual fatigue were analyzed. RTs and fixation durations were significantly increased in the low-resolution condition (62 dpi) as compared with the high-resolution condition (89 dpi). The significant interaction between display resolution and time both for search RTs and fixation durations was taken as evidence for stronger fatigue in the low-resolution conditions. Additionally, the extent of visual fatigue correlates both with search RTs and eye movement parameters. This finding gives rise to the assumption that observers' responsiveness to effects of display resolution in terms of visual fatigue differs markedly. Actual or potential applications of this research include recommendations for the use of high-resolution displays (90 dpi and greater) to optimize visual performance, to make prolonged on-screen viewing more comfortable, and to avoid visual fatigue.
通过两项实验研究了显示分辨率在视觉信息处理中的作用。实验1考察了两种阴极射线管（CRT）条件（每英寸60和120点[dpi]的分辨率）以及纸质对照条件（255 dpi）对校对速度和准确性的影响。结果表明，纸质条件下的阅读表现明显优于两种CRT条件。实验2考察了三种不同的CRT分辨率（62、69和89 dpi）对视觉搜索任务中眼动参数（注视持续时间和注视次数）的影响。此外，还分析了搜索反应时间（RTs）和观察者对视觉疲劳的评分。与高分辨率条件（89 dpi）相比，低分辨率条件（62 dpi）下的RTs和注视持续时间显著增加。搜索RTs和注视持续时间在显示分辨率和时间之间的显著交互作用被视为低分辨率条件下更强疲劳的证据。此外，视觉疲劳程度与搜索RTs和眼动参数均相关。这一发现引发了这样一种假设，即观察者对显示分辨率在视觉疲劳方面的影响的反应性存在显著差异。这项研究的实际或潜在应用包括建议使用高分辨率显示器（90 dpi及更高）来优化视觉性能，使长时间的屏幕观看更舒适，并避免视觉疲劳。
