Larson R L, Singer K M, Bergstrom R, Thomas S
Am J Sports Med. 1976 Sep-Oct;4(5):201-9. doi: 10.1177/036354657600400502.
In a clinical and radiographic survey of the elbows of 120 pitchers ages 11 and 12, 20% were found to have symptoms, 10% flexion contractures, and 23% roentgenographic changes related to traction stresses on the medial side of the elbow. Five per cent had more serious lateral compression findings related to the radial head or capitellum, but none of these had symptoms. Although this represents a definite incidence of abnormal occurrence, there were no statistically significant correlations or interrelations found relating to pitching experience, valgus elbow deformities, symptoms, flexion contractures, or x-ray findings.
在一项针对120名年龄在11岁和12岁的投手肘部进行的临床和影像学调查中，发现20%有症状，10%有屈曲挛缩，23%有与肘部内侧牵引应力相关的影像学改变。5%有与桡骨头或肱骨小头相关的更严重的外侧压缩表现，但这些人均无症状。尽管这代表了异常发生的明确发生率，但未发现与投球经验、肘外翻畸形、症状、屈曲挛缩或x光检查结果有统计学上的显著相关性或相互关系。
