Heber D, Yip I, Ashley J M, Elashoff D A, Elashoff R M, Go V L
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1742, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Feb;69(2):231-6. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/69.2.231.
We examined the cholesterol-lowering effects of a proprietary Chinese red-yeast-rice supplement in an American population consuming a diet similar to the American Heart Association Step I diet using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospectively randomized 12-wk controlled trial at a university research center.
We evaluated the lipid-lowering effects of this red-yeast-rice dietary supplement in US adults separate from effects of diet alone.
Eighty-three healthy subjects (46 men and 37 women aged 34-78 y) with hyperlipidemia [total cholesterol, 5.28-8.74 mmol/L (204-338 mg/dL); LDL cholesterol, 3.31-7.16 mmol/L (128-277 mg/dL); triacylglycerol, 0.62-2.78 mmol/L (55-246 mg/dL); and HDL cholesterol 0.78-2.46 mmol/L (30-95 mg/dL)] who were not being treated with lipid-lowering drugs participated. Subjects were treated with red yeast rice (2.4 g/d) or placebo and instructed to consume a diet providing 30% of energy from fat, <10% from saturated fat, and <300 mg cholesterol daily. Main outcome measures were total cholesterol, total triacylglycerol, and HDL and LDL cholesterol measured at weeks 8, 9, 11, and 12.
Total cholesterol concentrations decreased significantly between baseline and 8 wk in the red-yeast-rice-treated group compared with the placebo-treated group [(x+/-SD) 6.57+/-0.93 mmol/L (254+/-36 mg/dL) to 5.38+/-0.80 mmol/L (208+/-31 mg/dL); P < 0.001]. LDL cholesterol and total triacylglycerol were also reduced with the supplement. HDL cholesterol did not change significantly.
Red yeast rice significantly reduces total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and total triacylglycerol concentrations compared with placebo and provides a new, novel, food-based approach to lowering cholesterol in the general population.
我们在一所大学研究中心进行了一项为期12周的双盲、安慰剂对照、前瞻性随机对照试验，研究一种专利中国红曲米补充剂对食用与美国心脏协会第一步饮食相似的饮食的美国人群的降胆固醇效果。
我们评估了这种红曲米膳食补充剂对美国成年人的降脂效果，以区分其与单纯饮食效果的差异。
83名血脂异常[总胆固醇，5.28 - 8.74 mmol/L（204 - 338 mg/dL）；低密度脂蛋白胆固醇，3.31 - 7.16 mmol/L（128 - 277 mg/dL）；甘油三酯，0.62 - 2.78 mmol/L（55 - 246 mg/dL）；高密度脂蛋白胆固醇0.78 - 2.46 mmol/L（30 - 95 mg/dL）]且未接受降脂药物治疗的健康受试者（46名男性和37名女性，年龄34 - 78岁）参与了试验。受试者接受红曲米（2.4 g/天）或安慰剂治疗，并被要求食用一种脂肪供能占30%、饱和脂肪供能<10%且每日胆固醇摄入量<300 mg的饮食。主要观察指标为在第8、9、11和12周时测量的总胆固醇、总甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。
与安慰剂治疗组相比，红曲米治疗组在基线至第8周期间总胆固醇浓度显著降低[（x±SD）从6.57±0.93 mmol/L（254±36 mg/dL）降至5.38±0.80 mmol/L（208±31 mg/dL）；P < 0.001]。补充剂还降低了低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和总甘油三酯。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇没有显著变化。
与安慰剂相比，红曲米能显著降低总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和总甘油三酯浓度，并为普通人群提供了一种新的、基于食物的降胆固醇方法。
