Structural studies on RNA from Bombyx mori L. I. Nucleoside composition of enriched tRNA species from the posterior silkgland purified by coutercurrent distribution.

A large scale fractionation of tRNA from the posterior silkgland of the silkworm Bombyx mori L. by countercurrent distribution is described. One single 1,500 transfer distribution carried out with Phosphate buffer-Fromamide-Isopropanol (PFI) solvent system yields highly enriched isoaccepting species with increasing mobility order: tRNA1Gly, tRNA1-2Ala, tRNATyr, tRNA2Gly, tRNA1Ser and tRNA2Ser with 75%, 70%, 90%, 60%, 60%, and 90% purities respectively. Nucleosides fingerprint analysis of each iso-tRNA species confirms the anticodon structures previously suggested for tRNA2Ala (IGC), tRNA2bGly (U-CC) (U-CC) and tRNA2bSer (IGA). Twenty two minor nucleosides, three of them with unknown structure, have been detected. They are: m5C in tRNA1Gly, m1I in all tRNAAla species, polar A and U called X in tRNATyr, polar U derivative in tRNAGly2, mt6A in tRNASer1 and i6A tRNA2Ser. Both tRNASer species have m3C and ac7C. We do not detect Q, Y and thiol derivatives. The elution characteristics of silkgland tRNA species may be expressed in a semilogarithmic diagram where log K (K is the partition coefficient) is related to the base ratio A/Y) and the coding properties. The distribution pattern of silkgland tRNAs has been compared with that of Yeast and Rat liver tRNAs fractionated by countercurrent distribution with the PFI and PMB (Potassium phosphate buffer, 2-methoxy ethanol, 2-butoxy ethanol) solvent systems.