Elongation of pause-time in speech: a simple, objective measure of motor retardation in depression.

A sample of 'automatic speech' (counting from 1 to 10) was tape-recorded and the times taken up by phonation and pauses measured. In four healthy volunteers, both phonation times and pause times remained constant over a period of two months. In four moderately depressed patients, with no history of manic illness and with no obvious clinical signs of motor retardation, the pause times were significantly elongated while the patients were depressed compared to pause times measured after recovery. The phonation times were constant throughout the period of observation (4-6 months). Other tests for motor retardation (tapping time; Nurses' rating scale; Hamilton Retardation Scores) did not give consistent results. It is concluded that the simple test described here may reveal a degree of motor retardation in cases where other tests fail to do so.