Pavese P, Sarrot-Reynauld F, Bonadona A, Massot C
Service de Médecine Interne, CHU Michallon, Grenoble.
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1998 Dec;149(8):521-3.
We report the case of a 19-year old black West Indian woman who had been treated for acne for two years with oral minocycline (50 mg per day) and topical of benzoyle peroxide (5%). She was admitted for fatigue, arthralgia, myalgia and widespread pruritus. We observed several skin lesions of hyperpigmentation, biological signs of hepatitis, and significant levels of antinuclear, anti-mitochondrial and anti-smooth muscle antibodies. Minocycline was immediately stopped. Two months later, all of the biological abnormalities had disappeared but the skin lesions seemed to be irreversible. Minocycline is largely used for the treatment of acne and may induce severe immuno-allergic reactions. Several cases of induced lupus, autoimmune hepatitis, eosinophilic pneumonia, hypersensitivity syndrome, serum-sickness-like illness and Sweet's syndrome have already been described. These side effects are rare but may be life-threatening. So, minocycline should be used as a second-line treatment for acne and should be avoided in black people whom seem to be at risk of such reactions. If, despite those precautions, minocycline-induced immuno-allergic reactions occur, the treatment should be immediately stopped and never prescribed again.
我们报告了一例19岁的西印度黑人女性病例,该患者口服米诺环素(每日50毫克)和外用5%的过氧化苯甲酰治疗痤疮两年。她因疲劳、关节痛、肌痛和全身瘙痒入院。我们观察到多处色素沉着性皮肤病变、肝炎的生物学指标,以及高水平的抗核抗体、抗线粒体抗体和抗平滑肌抗体。米诺环素立即停用。两个月后,所有生物学异常均消失,但皮肤病变似乎已不可逆转。米诺环素广泛用于治疗痤疮,可能会引发严重的免疫过敏反应。已经有几例关于诱发狼疮、自身免疫性肝炎、嗜酸性肺炎、超敏反应综合征、血清病样疾病和Sweet综合征的报道。这些副作用虽罕见,但可能危及生命。因此,米诺环素应作为痤疮的二线治疗药物,对于似乎有此类反应风险的黑人应避免使用。如果尽管采取了这些预防措施,仍发生了米诺环素诱发的免疫过敏反应,应立即停药,且绝不再开此药。