MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999 Feb 5;48(4):74-7.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) (e.g., heart disease and stroke) is the leading cause of death in the United States and accounted for 959,227 deaths in 1996. Strategies to reduce the risk for heart disease and stroke include lifestyle changes (e.g., eating fewer high-fat and high-cholesterol foods) and increasing physical activity. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and the American Heart Association (AHA) recommend that, as part of a preventive health examination, all primary-care providers counsel their patients about a healthy diet and regular physical activity. AHA also recommends low-dose aspirin use as a secondary preventive measure among persons with existing CVD. To determine the prevalence of physician counseling about cardiovascular health and changes in individual behaviors, CDC analyzed data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) for seven states and Puerto Rico. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicate a lower prevalence of counseling and behavior change among persons without than with a history of heart disease or stroke.
心血管疾病(如心脏病和中风)是美国的主要死因,1996年有959,227人死于该病。降低心脏病和中风风险的策略包括改变生活方式(如少吃高脂肪和高胆固醇食物)以及增加体育活动。美国预防服务工作组和美国心脏协会(AHA)建议,作为预防性健康检查的一部分,所有初级保健提供者都应就健康饮食和定期体育活动向患者提供咨询。AHA还建议,对于已有心血管疾病的人,使用低剂量阿司匹林作为二级预防措施。为了确定医生对心血管健康咨询的普及情况以及个人行为的变化,美国疾病控制与预防中心分析了来自七个州和波多黎各的行为危险因素监测系统(BRFSS)的数据。本报告总结了该分析结果,结果表明,与有心脏病或中风病史的人相比,没有此类病史的人接受咨询和行为改变的比例较低。