Newman D K
DKN & Associates, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa., USA.
Ostomy Wound Manage. 1998 Dec;44(12):26-8, 30, 32 passim.
An indwelling urethral (Foley) catheter is a closed sterile system that is inserted through the urethra to allow for bladder drainage. In the 1930's Frederick Foley designed a rubber tube with a separate lumen used to inflate a balloon which holds the catheter in place in the bladder. Historically, indwelling catheters primarily have been used in chronic, medically compromised elderly patients. As the number of elderly patients continues to increase, particularly in such settings as home care, the use of indwelling catheters is increasing. Nurses caring for patients with urinary incontinence, neurogenic bladder, and/or urinary retention manage these catheters. However, most nurses will agree that managing this type of system poses multiple medical and nursing care problems. In fact, Foley catheters are associated with several complications and side effects that increase patient morbidity and mortality. This article reviews current strategies for providing good catheter management as well as steps for retraining the patient following catheter removal.
留置导尿管（福勒氏导尿管）是一种封闭的无菌系统，通过尿道插入以实现膀胱引流。20世纪30年代，弗雷德里克·福勒设计了一种带有独立腔道的橡胶管，用于给一个气球充气，该气球可将导尿管固定在膀胱内。从历史上看，留置导尿管主要用于患有慢性疾病、身体状况不佳的老年患者。随着老年患者数量持续增加，尤其是在家庭护理等环境中，留置导尿管的使用也在增加。照顾尿失禁、神经源性膀胱和/或尿潴留患者的护士负责管理这些导尿管。然而，大多数护士会认同，管理这类系统会带来多个医疗和护理问题。事实上，福勒氏导尿管会引发多种并发症和副作用，从而增加患者的发病率和死亡率。本文回顾了目前提供良好导尿管管理的策略以及导尿管拔除后对患者进行再培训的步骤。
