Weber A L, Romo L V, Sabates N R
Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Radiol Clin North Am. 1999 Jan;37(1):151-68, xi. doi: 10.1016/s0033-8389(05)70084-1.
Pseudotumor, Graves' disease, and lymphoproliferative disease are the most common ophthalmologic disease entities requiring evaluation by CT and MR imaging. A history of acute onset, pain, swelling, proptosis, and response to steroids are the classical findings. The radiologic findings are categorized according to location into dacryoadenitis, myositis, and sclerouveitis, with and without associated infiltrations. The inflammatory infiltrate, which is composed of polymorphic leukocytes, lymphocytes, and plasma cells interspersed with a variable amount of fibrovascular tissue, may be diffuse or localized. The preferred radiologic method used for assessment of pseudotumor is CT. MR imaging, however, is indicated for evaluation of the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, which is characterized by an inflammatory infiltrate in the orbital apex and cavernous sinus leading to cranial nerve involvement with ophthalmoplegia. The clinical and radiologic constellation of findings allows a definitive diagnosis in most cases.
假瘤、格雷夫斯病和淋巴增殖性疾病是最常见的需要通过CT和磁共振成像（MR）评估的眼科疾病实体。急性起病、疼痛、肿胀、眼球突出以及对类固醇的反应是典型表现。根据病变部位，影像学表现可分为泪腺炎、肌炎和巩膜葡萄膜炎，伴或不伴有相关浸润。由多形核白细胞、淋巴细胞和浆细胞组成，并散在分布有数量不等的纤维血管组织的炎性浸润，可为弥漫性或局限性。用于评估假瘤的首选影像学方法是CT。然而，MR成像适用于评估托洛萨-亨特综合征，其特征是眶尖和海绵窦的炎性浸润导致累及脑神经的眼肌麻痹。临床和影像学表现的综合情况在大多数病例中可作出明确诊断。
