Perera F P
Columbia University School of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Science, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Recent Results Cancer Res. 1998;154:39-46. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-46870-4_3.
Environmental factors such as smoking, diet, and pollutants act in concert with individual susceptibility to cause most human cancers. This article briefly reviews molecular evidence that two types of susceptibility factors--common predisposing genetic traits and young age at exposure--convey heightened risk from certain exposures. Examples are drawn from molecular epidemiologic studies of common environmental carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and aromatic amines. Understanding of both genetic and acquired susceptibility in the population will be instrumental in developing health and regulatory policies that adequately protect of the more susceptible groups from risks of environmental carcinogens.
吸烟、饮食和污染物等环境因素与个体易感性共同作用，导致了大多数人类癌症的发生。本文简要回顾了分子证据，即两种易感性因素——常见的遗传易患性状和暴露时的年轻年龄——会增加某些暴露带来的风险。实例取自对多环芳烃（PAH）和芳香胺等常见环境致癌物的分子流行病学研究。了解人群中的遗传易感性和后天易感性，将有助于制定健康和监管政策，充分保护更易感人群免受环境致癌物风险的影响。
