Chatel M
J Hirnforsch. 1976;17(3):189-212.
From 98 specimens (Pr YAKOVLEV's Collection) we have been able to define the cytoarchitectonic criteria of the different stages of the development of the human Isocortex, and to stress some important features of the organogenesis of the human brain. Most of those findings are in agreement with G.I. POLIAKOV's publications on the cerebral development. Schematically it is possible to individualise three periods made of several stages: - The first one, from the 4th to the 6th week of Gestation during which the primitive neural epithelium, with its four layers (layers of His), is built up. - The second period, from the 7th to the 14th week, includes the two main tides of neuronal migration, separated by a period of recession. So, 4 cytoarchitectonic types of cortical plate may be described: type A. B. C. and D. - Thr third period is that of the stratification of the homogeneous Cortical Plate of type D, leading it through the patterns E I, II, III, IV to the stage of a six-layered Isocortex (24w). Beside this analytical description of the stages of development, the cytoarchitectonic criteria are able to give an ontogenetic evidence of the fundamental difference, already established by P. I. YAKOVLEV on neuropathological and neuroanatomical grounds, between the frontal, epipyriform Isocortex, and the caudal, epihippocampal Isocortex. During each of the stages described above, it is possible indeed to analyse specific features of one or the other part of the hemispheric wall and to determine a borderline between these two parts. Furthermore the temporal sequence of the events occurring inside the Isocortical Plate is slightly different in both parts, increasing the cytoarchitectonic contrast between them. In summary, such a study gives not only a precise definition of the ontogenetic stages of development of the Isocortex but also a better understanding of the organogenesis of the human brain, and by this way, it may be helpful in the analysis of the malformations of the Nervous System.
从98个标本（雅科夫列夫教授的藏品）中，我们得以确定人类同型皮质不同发育阶段的细胞构筑标准，并强调人类大脑器官发生的一些重要特征。这些发现大多与G.I. 波利亚科夫关于大脑发育的出版物一致。概括来说，可以区分出由几个阶段组成的三个时期：第一个时期，从妊娠第4周持续到第6周，在此期间，具有四层结构（希氏层）的原始神经上皮形成。第二个时期，从第7周持续到第14周，包括神经元迁移的两个主要阶段，中间间隔一个衰退期。因此，可以描述4种细胞构筑类型的皮质板：A型、B型、C型和D型。第三个时期是D型均质皮质板分层的时期，使其经过E-I、II、III、IV模式发展到六层同型皮质（24周）阶段。除了对发育阶段的这种分析性描述外，细胞构筑标准能够提供个体发生学证据，证明P.I. 雅科夫列夫已经基于神经病理学和神经解剖学依据确定的额叶、梨状上同型皮质与尾侧、海马旁上同型皮质之间的根本差异。在上述每个阶段中，确实可以分析半球壁某一部分或另一部分的特定特征，并确定这两部分之间的边界。此外，同型皮质板内发生的事件的时间顺序在这两部分中略有不同，增加了它们之间的细胞构筑对比度。总之，这样的研究不仅给出了同型皮质发育个体发生阶段的精确定义，还能更好地理解人类大脑的器官发生，从而可能有助于分析神经系统的畸形。
