Fischer R C, Stanford J B, Jameson P, DeWitt M J
Utah Children, USA.
J Fam Pract. 1999 Feb;48(2):117-22.
A variety of terms have been used to define the intention status of pregnancies. The purpose of this study was to explore how women relate to these terms and how they define the intention status of their pregnancies. Improved understanding of how women use these terms may enhance communication between physicians, patients, and families.
This qualitative study used in-depth semistructured interviews to explore how women defined the intention status of current, past, and hypothetical pregnancies. Eighteen women who were seeking prenatal care, elective abortion, or pregnancy testing were interviewed. Most of the subjects were interviewed in the first trimester of a current pregnancy. Four researchers independently reviewed the interview transcripts and summarized the points made by each subject.
Three major themes emerged from the interviews: (1) definitions of terms related to pregnancy varied substantially among women and seemed to be highly correlated to social and cultural influences; (2) the concepts of wanted and unwanted pregnancy were qualitatively distinct from the concepts of planned and unplanned pregnancies and seemed to be more relevant to the decision to continue or abort the pregnancy; and (3) attitudes of the male partners toward the pregnancies were very influential in how women defined their pregnancies.
Physicians should explore the attitudes and circumstances of pregnant women, rather than focusing on whether the pregnancy was planned. Support from the significant other and the woman's underlying values about parenthood seem to be of particular importance. Our results also suggest that further studies are needed to determine the best method for measuring the intention status of pregnancy for research and policy.
已使用多种术语来定义妊娠的意向状态。本研究的目的是探讨女性如何理解这些术语以及她们如何定义自己妊娠的意向状态。更好地理解女性如何使用这些术语可能会加强医生、患者和家庭之间的沟通。
这项定性研究采用深入的半结构化访谈来探讨女性如何定义当前、过去和假设妊娠的意向状态。对18名寻求产前护理、选择性堕胎或妊娠检测的女性进行了访谈。大多数受试者在当前妊娠的头三个月接受了访谈。四名研究人员独立审查了访谈记录，并总结了每个受试者提出的要点。
访谈中出现了三个主要主题：（1）女性对与妊娠相关术语的定义差异很大，似乎与社会和文化影响高度相关；（2）想要和不想要妊娠的概念在性质上与计划内和计划外妊娠的概念不同，似乎与继续妊娠或终止妊娠的决定更相关；（3）男性伴侣对妊娠的态度对女性如何定义她们的妊娠有很大影响。
医生应该探究孕妇的态度和情况，而不是关注妊娠是否是计划内的。重要他人的支持以及女性对为人父母的潜在价值观似乎尤为重要。我们的结果还表明，需要进一步研究以确定用于研究和政策的测量妊娠意向状态的最佳方法。
